V.A. Mathew and Roby Mathew v. The Registering Authority, Kottayam Civil Station

## **IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM** ## **PRESENT:** ## **THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ANIL K.NARENDRAN** ## **TUESDAY, THE 31ST DAY OF JULY 2018 / 9TH SRAVANA, 1940** **WP(C).No. 25763 of 2018 ------------------------** **PETITIONERS :** **------------** **1 V.A. MATHEW** **S/O. ANDRAYEZ, VATTAMALA HOUSE, MANARCADU P.O, MANARCADU VILLAGE, KOTTAYAM.** **2 ROBY MATHEW S/O. MATHEW, KAKKATHURETHEL HOUSE, PUNNATHURA EAST P.O, KOTTAYAM.** **BY ADV.SRI.P.DEEPAK** **RESPONDENT:** **-----------** **THE REGISTERING AUTHORITY, KOTTAYAM CIVIL STATION, KOTTAYAM 686 002.** **R BY SR.GOVERNMENT PLEADER SRI.K.P.HARISH** **THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION ON 31-07-2018, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:** **WP(C).No. 25763 of 2018 (U)** ## **APPENDIX** **PETITIONER(S)' EXHIBITS : -----------------------** **EXHIBIT P1. COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION KL.05.AG.8880. EXHIBIT P2. COPY OF THE GOODS CARRIAGE PERMIT ISSUED TO KL.05.AG.8880 VALID TILL 08.07.2023. EXHIBIT P3. COPY OF THE SURRENDER INTIMATION DATED 19.07.2018 AND THE POSTAL ACKNOWLEDGMENT DATED 20.07.2018. EXHIBIT P4. COPY OF FORM 29 NOTICE AND FORM 30 REPORT DATED 24.07.2018. EXHIBIT P5. COPY OF THE JUDGMENT DATED 31.01.2018 IN WPC 2527 OF 2018.** **RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS : NIL ------------------------** ## **/TRUE COPY/** **P.A TO JUDGE** **AV/9/8** ## **ANIL K.NARENDRAN, J.** ## **--------------------------------------W.P.(C).No.25763 of 2018 ---------------------------------------Dated this the 31[st] day of July, 2018** ## **J U D G M E N T** The 1[st] petitioner is the registered owner of a Heavy Goods Vehicle bearing registration No.KL-05/AG-8880, covered by Ext.P1 certificate of registration and Ext.P2 goods carriage permit, which is valid up to 08.07.2023. The petitioners have filed this writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, seeking a writ of mandamus commanding the respondent to endorse the transfer of ownership of the aforesaid goods carriage from the name of the 1[st] petitioner to the name of the 2[nd] petitioner without insisting on clearing any pending check reports following the dictum laid down by this Court in Ext.P5 judgment. 2. Heard the learned counsel for the petitioners and also the learned Senior Government Pleader appearing for the respondent. 3. The issue as to whether endorsement regarding transfer of ownership of goods carriage can be delayed in view of the pendency of check reports is no more _res integra_ in view of the law laid down by the Division Bench of this Court in _**State of Kerala v. Varghese [2017 (3) KLT 744]**_ . Paragraph 11 of the said decision reads thus; “11. If we then refer to Section 64(m), (n) and (o), it is the Central Government who has to prescribe the forms and other details in respect of the certificate of fitness. Section 64 is the rule making power of the Central Government. Then we may refer to W.P.(C).No.25763 of 2018 2 Section 65, which is the rule making power of the State Government. The first thing to be noticed is, Section 65(1) as quoted above, which clearly gives authority on the State Government to make rules “for the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this Chapter other than the matters specified in Section 64”. Thus, the rules to be made by the State Government under or with reference to Section 65 would be, for the purposes of carrying out the provisions of this Chapter, and not any other, and that too, with a rider that it shall be in respect of matters other than matters specified in Section 64 of the Act. This would be of some importance because, with reference to Section 64, the Central Government has framed _inter alia_ Rule 73 as quoted above. A reference to Rule 73 of the Central Rules would show that it talks of a tax clearance certificate in a form to be specified by the State Government in relation to Motor Vehicle tax or any compounding fee, as referred to in Section 86(5) and (6). Therefore, the requirement under the Central rules made with reference to Section 64 is limited to Motor Vehicle Tax and compounding fee alone. But, when we come to the newly inserted proviso, what we find is, it has travelled beyond these two i.e., Motor vehicle Tax or compounding fee and it has gone to 'no government dues and other legal actions pending in that office' meaning, office of the Transport Authority. Surely these could be beyond the object and the scope of the Act itself. For example, if there is some sales tax dues in respect of the Motor Vehicle when the Motor Vehicle W.P.(C).No.25763 of 2018 3 was purchased, (Sales Tax later replaced as Value Added Tax and now Goods and Services Tax) it has its own provisions for recovery of any amount due. The object of the Motor Vehicle Act is not to ensure a secondary mechanism for recovery of those taxes. The rules, as is well known, are only to effectuate the provisions of the Act and it cannot travel beyond the Act. Here if we see Section 64, the rule making power of the Central Government and Rule 73 of the Central Rules, then in effect what has been prescribed is that in order to get a fitness certificate what is required is a tax clearance certificate in respect of Motor vehicle Tax and pending dues relating to compounding fee. At this stage, if reference is made to Rule 186 of the State rules, we may notice that a compounding fee under or with reference to the Motor Vehicles Act is a liability to pay a fee to compound a default. It arises only when a person has agreed to compound and was thus liable to pay a fee which is not paid in spite of compounding. Thus, there are only two dues, both referable to the Motor Vehicles Act and the vehicle in question i.e. the Motor Vehicle tax and the compounding fee which is due. But, when we come to the State amendment to the rules, they go beyond the rules and the Act itself in providing 'for any government dues' without defining even the words 'any government dues' or 'any other legal action pending in the office of the registering authority'. Even though the proceedings may be contested, the result would be that, if a certificate of fitness is required, then the person requiring the W.P.(C).No.25763 of 2018 4 certificate would have to end the litigation or surrender to the authorities and give up the contest by agreeing to compound the matter. This would be destructive of the basic principles of good governance and rule of law. It is for the reasons aforesaid that we have indicated in the beginning that the judgment of the learned single Judge is correct and cannot be faulted with. But the other manner to look for what is to be done would be to read down the provisions of the amendment to make it consistent with the Act and the Rules. We have in detail noted the scope of the rules. Having noted Section 64 of the Act, Section 65 dealing with the State rules, Rule 73 of the Central rule as well as Section 86 and Rule 186 of the State rules, keeping all this in mind, the only way to uphold the newly inserted proviso would be to read that the expression that the vehicle has got 'no government dues', to mean, no government dues under the Motor Vehicles Act or the rules framed thereunder, and the expression 'other legal action pending in that office' to mean, where a person has agreed to compound but has failed to pay the compounding fee. Thus the proviso can be brought in line with the requirements of Rule 73 of the Central rules and limited to that purpose alone and not beyond that. Reading the proviso thus would mean that the clearance certificate in form 'CC' as prescribed by the State, obtained from the original registering authority, would only be in relation to clearance of any dues under the Motor Vehicles Act or the Rules framed thereunder and the arrears of Motor Vehicle W.P.(C).No.25763 of 2018 5 tax or any compounding fee, agreed but not paid, and no other matter. Thus read, the proviso would be consistent with the object of the Act and the Rules and the rule making power.” 4. The law laid down in **Varghese's case (supra)** is reiterated by another Division Bench of this Court in **Regional Transport Officer, Thrissur and another v. Rishad and another** (judgment dated 13.12.2017 in W.A.No.2554/2017). The relevant paragraphs of the said judgment read thus: “3. The first respondent is the registered owner of a goods carriage bearing registration No.KL-41/D 6999. He had entered into a sale agreement to transfer the vehicle to the second respondent and sought endorsement of the transfer which was rejected on account of the pendency of the check reports. It is in this background, the writ petition was filed. In the judgment under appeal, following the dictum laid down by this Court in **State of Kerala v. Varghese [2017 (3) KLT 744]** , the learned single Judge allowed the writ petition. 4. The contention raised by the learned Government Pleader is that having regard to the provisions contained in Sections 113, 114 and 194 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, the prayer sought for could not have been allowed by the learned single Judge. 5. However, having considered the submission made, we are unable to agree with the contention. It is true that check reports are pending against the first respondent, the registered owner of the vehicle in question. If a check report containing an offence under Sections 113 and 114 of the Motor Vehicles Act is W.P.(C).No.25763 of 2018 6 pending and if the registered owner is found guilty, the consequence that will visit upon him is the fine that is provided in Section 194. As things now stand, no proceedings have been initiated before any court of law against the registered owner. The appellants also have no case that, merely because of the pendency of the check reports, there is any statutory prohibition on the part of the registered owner in transferring a vehicle or seeking endorsement as sought for by him. 6. In such circumstances, as of now, since the registered owner has not been found guilty and as he has also not compounded the offence in question, the endorsement sought for by the registered owner could not have been denied by the appellants. In such circumstances, we do not find any reason to interfere with the judgment under appeal. Appeal fails and is accordingly dismissed. Needless to say that this judgment will not stand in the way of the appellants in proceeding against the registered owner in accordance with law.” In such circumstances this writ petition is disposed of by directing the respondent to consider the request made by the petitioners for endorsement of transfer of ownership of his goods carriage bearing registration No.KL-05/AG 8880, in the light of the law laid down by this Court in **Varghese's case (supra)** and reiterated in **Rishad's case (supra)** , if Ext.P4 application made by the petitioners is in conformity with the statutory requirements. A decision in this regard shall be taken, as expeditiously as possible, at any rate, within a period of two weeks from the date of production of a certified copy W.P.(C).No.25763 of 2018 7 of this judgment. It is made clear that this judgment will not stand in the way of the Joint Regional Transport Officer proceeding further with the check reports pending against the vehicle in question, bearing registration No.No.KL-05/AG 8880 , alleging violation of conditions of the permit. Sd/- **ANIL K.NARENDRAN JUDGE** AV/2/8