High Court of KeralaSingle Judge2015-06-10Writ petition allowed; Ext.P1 quashed; petition...

V. Mohanan v. Kerala State Road Transport Corporation and Others

Case / Petition Number:WP(C).No. 14699 of 2014 (J)

Case Details & Bench

Court: High Court of Kerala
Hon'ble Judges: V. Chitambaresh
Judgment Date: 2015-06-10
Court Decision / Holding: Ext.P1 memorandum quashed; respondents are permitted to proceed against the petitioner for alleged misconduct if warranted; the petitioner shall be continued on the list of empanelled conductors with effect from 28.4.2014 and shall receive attendant consequential benefits. Writ petition allowed; no costs.
Final Disposition: Writ petition allowed; Ext.P1 quashed; petitioner restored on empanelled list from 28.4.2014 with consequential benefits; KSRTC may proceed with misconduct inquiry if warranted; no costs.

Parties to the Case

Appellants / Petitioners

V. Mohanan S/o Krishnan

Respondents

The Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC)
The Assistant Transport Officer, KSRTC, Chalakudy, Thrissur
Chief Traffic Officer, KSRTC, Thiruvananthapuram

Legal Representation & Advocates

Counsels for Petitioners

• Liju. M.P.

Counsels for Respondents

• M. Gopikrishnan Nambiar, SC, KSRTC

Case Synopsis & Summary

V. Mohanan, an empanelled Conductor (temporary) in the Chalakudy Depot of KSRTC, challenged a memorandum (Ext.P1) removing his name from the empanelled list with effect from 28.4.2014 on grounds of alleged misconduct in a rest room while not on duty. He contends no enquiry or hearing was conducted and that his removal would stigmatise his career and adversely affect his prospects for regularisation. He had previously found Ext.P3 to deny regularisation on the premise that he had not discharged the requisite number of duties. The respondents contend that empanelled conductors are temporary employees and that KSRTC has the prerogative to dispense with services without notice; no disciplinary proceedings are warranted against an empanelled employee, and removal from the list is permissible without notice. The learned Judge notes that regularisation remains possible in view of government orders and case law (Suresh Kumar C.R. and Others v. State of Kerala and Others) and that an order terminating a temporary employee cannot adversely affect his status without due process. Drawing on Jagdish Mitter v. Union of India, the court holds that the Ext.P1 memorandum attaches a stigma to the petitioner and is punitive in nature, requiring enquiry or notice. The court quashes Ext.P1, leaves open the possibility of proceeding against misconduct, and orders restoration to the empanelled list from the date of removal with consequential benefits. The petition is allowed. No costs.

Legal Doctrines & Maxims

Principle of natural justice; audi alteram partem (implicit reference)
Stigma doctrine in termination of temporary service
Discharge vs. stigmatic termination - Jagdish Mitter test

Submissions & Arguments

Contentions of Appellants / Petitioners

The petitioner submitted that removal from the empanelled list without prior notice or a hearing amounts to a stigmatic termination, violating natural justice. Ext.P1 is a malafide attempt to penalise the petitioner without enquiry and to thwart potential regularisation, relying on the remote possibility of benefits under government orders. He asserted that he was at Chalakudy Taluk Hospital (supported by Ext.P2) at the material time and denied the alleged misconduct.

Contentions of Respondents

The respondents argued that empanelled conductors are temporary and can be dispensed with at the employer’s prerogative without notice or enquiry. They contended that no disciplinary proceedings are warranted against empanelled staff and that removal from the panel is not stigma but a managerial prerogative to maintain staffing arrangements.

Cited Precedents (2)

Case Name	Citation	Treatment	Explanation
Suresh Kumar C.R. and Others v. State of Kerala and Others	2013 (2) KLT 258	Positive	Cited to support that regularisation remains possible under government orders and to contextualise the petitioner’s claim for regularisation.
Jagdish Mitter v. Union of India	AIR 1964 SC 449	Positive	Used to articulate the stigma principle in termination of temporary service and the need for natural justice before punitive action; supports quashing a stigmatic order.

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Extracted Judgment Text

Exact text extracted from official judgment records.

## **IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM** ## **PRESENT:** ## **THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE V.CHITAMBARESH** ## **WEDNESDAY, THE 10TH DAY OF JUNE 2015/20TH JYAISHTA, 1937** ## **WP(C).No. 14699 of 2014 (J)** **----------------------------** **PETITIONER :** **V.MOHANAN S/O.KRISHNAN, CONDUCTOR (EMPANEL), KERALA STATE ROAD TRANSPORT CORPORATION, CHALAKKUDY DEPARTMENT, THRISSUR.** ## **BY ADV. SRI.LIJU. M.P** **RESPONDENTS :** **1. THE KERALA STATE ROAD TRANSPORT CORPORATION THIRUVANANTHAPURAM REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING DIRECTOR.** **2. THE ASSISTANT TRANSPORT OFFICER, OFFICE OF THE ASSISTANT TRANSPORT OFFICER, KERALA STATE ROAD TRANSPORT CORPORATION, CHALAKKUDY, THRISSUR.** **3. CHIEF TRAFFIC OFFICER, CHIEF OFFICE, KERALA STATE ROAD TRANSPORT CORPORATION THIRUVANANTHAPURAM - 695001** **BY SRI. M. GOPIKRISHNAN NAMBIAR,SC,KSRTC** **THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING BEEN FINALLY HEARD ON 10-06-2015, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:** **bp** **WP(C).No. 14699 of 2014 (J)** ## **APPENDIX** ## **PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS :** **P1: COPY OF THE MEMORANDUM DT 28/4/2014 ISSUED BY THE R2.** **P2: COPY OF THE OUT-PATIENT TICKET DT 19/4/2014 OF TALUK HOSPITAL, CHALAKKUDY ISSUED TO THE PETITIONER.** **P3: COPY OF THE ORDER NO. PL 16/014915/12 DT 16/12/2013 PASSED BY THE R1.** **RESPONDENT'S EXHIBITS : NIL.** **//TRUE COPY//** **P.A. TO JUDGE** **bp** 'C.R.' V.CHITAMBARESH, J. --------------------W.P.(C) No.14699 of 2014 --------------------Dated this the 10[th] day of June, 2015 **==> picture [136 x 15] intentionally omitted <==** Can the name of an employee be removed from the list of empanelled Conductors for alleged misdemeanor in service without conducting an enquiry or even hearing him ? 2. The petitioner has been working as an empanelled Conductor in the Chalakudy Depot of the Kerala State Road Transport Corporation ['KSRTC' for short] ever since 23.5.2000. The claim of the petitioner for regularisation in service was earlier turned down by Ext.P3 order on the premise that he had not discharged the requisite number of duties. It is the case of the petitioner that he is being allotted duties depending upon the contingencies and that he would be entitled to regularisation later. The petitioner is now served with Ext.P1 memorandum intimating that his name has been removed from the list of empanelled Conductors with effect from 28.4.2014. The memorandum reflects that the petitioner created a ruckus and misbehaved with an Inspector in an W.P(C) No.14699/2014 2 inebriated state on 19.4.2014 in the rest room of the Depot of the KSRTC. The petitioner emphatically denies the incident and asserts that he was in the Taluk Hospital, Chalakudy at the material time relying on Ext.P2 out patient ticket. The petitioner contends that Ext.P1 memorandum is ill-motivated and is a deliberate attempt on the part of the KSRTC to deny him regularisation in service. The petitioner adds that Ext.P1 memorandum causes a stigma on his career and that his name should not have been so deleted from the list of empanelled Conductors without notice. The Writ Petition has been filed seeking a direction to restore his name in the list of empanelled Conductors without prejudice to any enquiry being initiated. 3. No counter affidavit has been filed on behalf of the respondents who are respectively the KSRTC, the Assistant Transport Officer and the Chief Traffic Officer. The respondents justify the action taken against the petitioner contending that no disciplinary proceedings are warranted against an empanelled Conductor. The respondents contend that it is the prerogative of the KSRTC to dispense with the W.P(C) No.14699/2014 3 services of an empanelled Conductor or to remove his name from the list without notice. The respondents maintain that an empanelled Conductor is after all a temporary employee who can be discharged from service at any time and the same cannot be questioned. 4. I heard Mr.Liju.M.P., Advocate on behalf of the petitioner and Mrs. Thushara James, Advocate on behalf of the respondents. 5. An empanelled employee is one who has been included in the panel of temporary hands whose services would be requisitioned as and when there is a need and the regular hands are not available. It is beyond dispute that the petitioner has been working as an empanelled conductor and the possibility of his services being regularised cannot be ruled out. This is particularly so in view of the Government Orders in vogue and in the light of Suresh Kumar C.R. and Others v. State of Kerala and Others [2013 (2) KLT 258]. Can the services of such an employee be terminated by Ext. P1 memorandum wherein the only reason stated is misdemeanor in the rest room while not on duty ? W.P(C) No.14699/2014 4 6. A constitution Bench of the Supreme Court in Jagdish Mitter v. Union of India [AIR (1964) SC 449] had occasion to observe as follows:- “It is obvious that to say that it is undesirable to continue a temporary servant is very much different from saying that it is unnecessary to continue him. In the first case, a stigma attaches to the servant, while in the second case, termination of service is due to the consideration that a temporary servant need not be continued, and in that sense, no stigma attaches to him. It seems that anyone who reads the order in a reasonable way, would naturally conclude that the appellant was found to be undesirable, and that must necessarily import an element of punishment which is the basis of the order and is its integral part. When an authority wants to terminate the services of a temporary servant, it can pass a simple order of discharge without casting any aspersion against the temporary servant or attaching any stigma to his character. As soon as it is shown that the order purports to cast an aspersion on the temporary servant, it would be idle to suggest that the order is a simple W.P(C) No.14699/2014 5 order of discharge. The test in such cases must be: does the order cast aspersion or attach stigma to the officer when it purports to discharge him? If the answer to this question is in the affirmative, then notwithstanding the form of the order, the termination of service must be held, in substance, to amount to dismissal.” It can by no stretch of imagination be stated that Ext.P1 memorandum merely discharges the petitioner from service on the ground that it is unnecessary to continue him in that post. Ext.P1 memorandum on the other hand casts an aspersion on the petitioner alleging that he created a ruckus and misbehaved with the Inspector in an inebriated state. This certainly attaches a stigma to the character of the petitioner which should not have been done behind his back without affording an opportunity to prove his innocence. Ext.P1 memorandum is punitive in nature in the form of a punishment for alleged misdemeanor in service which should have been preceded by an enquiry or atleast an opportunity to the petitioner of being heard. Ext. P1 W.P(C) No.14699/2014 6 memorandum being a stigmatic termination without notice and not a discharge simplicitor is violative of the principles of natural justice. 7. I quash Ext.P1 memorandum leaving it open to the respondents to proceed against the petitioner for alleged misconduct in service while working as an empanelled Conductor. The petitioner shall be continued in the list of empanelled Conductors with effect from the date of his removal (28.4.2014) with attendant consequential benefits. The Writ Petition is allowed. No costs. V.CHITAMBARESH, Judge. nj.