Union of India and Ors. v. Hasmukhbhai Hirabhai Rana

Case Details & Bench

Court: High Court
Hon'ble Judges: Arijit Pasayat
Lokeswar Singh Pant
Judgment Date: 2006-11-23
Court Decision / Holding: Appeal partly allowed; CAT and High Court orders modified to permit the Divisional Manager/DRM to consider all relevant aspects on the basis of the enquiry report and grant opportunity to the respondent; the departmental enquiry to be concluded as early as practicable; no order as to costs.
Final Disposition: Appeal partly allowed; orders of CAT and High Court modified; DRM to proceed with final order after considering enquiry report, granting opportunity to respond; expedite the enquiry; no costs.

Parties to the Case

Appellants / Petitioners

Union of India and Ors.

Respondents

Hasmukhbhai Hirabhai Rana

Legal Representation & Advocates

Counsels for Petitioners

• T.S. Doabia
• Sunita Sharma
• D.S. Mahra
• Shreekant N. Terdal

Counsels for Respondents

• R. Venkataramani
• Kiran Shah
• Ashok Panigrahi
• Satya Mitra Garg

Case Synopsis & Summary

Union of India and its functionaries challenge the Gujarat High Court and CAT rulings in a Departmental disciplinary proceeding against Hasmukhbhai Hirabhai Rana. The factual backdrop spans a 1990 letter inviting the respondent for possible appointment after training, followed by a 1993 charge sheet for alleged misappropriation and a consequent order of removal by the Divisional Commercial Manager (DCM). The respondent’s appeals before the Appellate Authority and the Revisional Authority were dismissed, and the CAT upheld the view that the order of removal was passed by an authority lower in rank than the appointing authority, a finding that the Gujarat High Court also refused to disturb. On appeal, the Union contended that the 1 January 1990 letter was a selection order and the actual appointment, dated 13 June 1990, was made by the DCM who also acted as the disciplinary authority; the respondent argued that the distinction had not been raised below. The Supreme Court held that departmental proceedings can be initiated by a person lower in rank than the appointing authority, but the final order must be by the appointing authority or a higher authority. The Court modified the CAT and High Court orders, directing that the DRM consider all relevant aspects based on the enquiry report and grant the respondent a hearing, with the departmental enquiry to be concluded as early as practicable. Appeal partly allowed, with no order as to costs.

Submissions & Arguments

Contentions of Appellants / Petitioners

The appellants argued that the 1 January 1990 letter was the selection order and that the appointment order dated 13 June 1990, passed by the DCM who acted as the disciplinary authority, marks the true appointment. They asserted that while departmental proceedings can be initiated by a person lower in rank than the appointing authority, the final order must be passed by the appointing authority or an authority higher to him; the asserted distinction between the 1990 letters should have been highlighted earlier before CAT/High Court.

Contentions of Respondents

The respondent supported the CAT and High Court decisions, contending that the order of removal was passed in the proper sequence and that the earlier argument about the distinction was not urged before CAT/HC. The respondent also emphasized adherence to established practice that initiation may occur at a lower level, but final orders must come from the appointing authority or higher.

Cited Precedents (2)

Case Name	Citation	Treatment	Explanation
State of Madhya Pradesh and Ors. v. Shardul Singh	1 SCC 108	Positive	Cited to illustrate the principle that initiation of departmental proceedings can be by a person lower in rank, but the final order must be by the appointing authority or higher.
State of U.P. and Anr. v. Chandrapal Singh and Anr.	4 SCC 670	Positive	Cited for the related proposition on initiation versus final authority in departmental proceedings.

Extracted Judgment Text

Exact text extracted from official judgment records.

A ## UNION OF INDIA AND ORS. # _v._ HASMUKHBHAI HIRABHAI RANA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 B [ARIJITPASAYAT ANDLOKESHWARSINGH PANTA,JJ.] _Service Law:_ _Departmental proceeding can be initiated by a person lower in rank_ C _than appointing authority-But final order can only be passed by appointing authority or authority higher to him._ On 1.1.1990, a letter was issued to the respondent informing him that on successful completion of the course, he may be offered an appointment in D the temporary cadre on the regular scales of pay. Subsequently after the completion of training, on 13.6.1990 a letter was issued by the Divisional Commercial Manager ('DCM'). A charge sheet was issued on 1.6.1993 making allegations of misappropriation. After enquiry, the DCM passed an order of removal from service. Respondent filed an appeal before the Appellate Authority which was dismissed. The Revisional Authority i.e. ADRM also E dismissed the revision. Respondent filed petition before the CAT praying for quashing of the order of removal whereby it was held that the DCM and Senior DCM who had acted as disciplinary authority as well as the Appellate Authority were lower in rank than the appointing authority. Accordingly the order was set aside. Aggrieved appellant filed the writ petition before the High Court which was dismissed. F In appeal to this Court, appellant contended that the order dated 1.1.1990 was the selection order and in fact the appointment order is dated 13.6.1990. Selection order was passed by the DRM while the appointment order was passed by the DCM who had acted as the disciplinary authority. G Partly allowing the appeal, the Court HELD: I. The departmental proceeding can be initiated by a person lower in rank than appointing authority. But the final order can be passed only by the appointing authority or an authority higher to him. 1350-Hl H 348 U.O.l. _v._ HASMUKHBHAI HIRABHAI RANA [PASAYAT, J.] 349 _State of Madhya Pradesh and Ors._ v. _Shardul Singh,_ 119701 1 SCC 108 and _State of UP. and Anr._ v. _Chandrapal Singh and Anr.,_ 12003) 4 SCC 670, relied on. 2. The respondent has been reinstated in the mean time but what appears not to have been done is to grant an opportunity to the appellants so that the appropriate authority can pass the final order in the departmental proceeding. B The distinction now sought to be made between the orders dated 1.1.1990 and 13.6.1990 does not appear to have been highlighted either before CAT or the High Court. It is only before this Court that such a plea has been raised. 1351-B-C) 3. In the aforesaid background the orders of the CAT and the High Court C are modified to the extent that DRM can consider all relevant aspects after granting opportunity to the respondent on the basis of the enquiry report submitted. (351-C-DJ CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No.5 I 68 of2006. D From the Judgment and Order dated i'9-3-2004 of the High Court of Gujarat at Ahmedabad in S.C.A. No. 14944/2003. T.S. Doabia, Sunita Sharma, D.S. Mahra and Shreekant N. Terdal for the Appellants. E R. Venkataramani, Kiran Shah, Ashok Panigrahi and Satya Mitra Garg for the Respondent. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by ARIJIT PASAYA T, J. Leave granted. Appellants call in question legality of the judgment rendered by a Division Bench of the Gujarat High Court dismissing the writ petition filed by the appellants-Union of India and its functionaries. The orders passed by the Central Administrative Tribunal, Ahmedabad Bench (in short the 'CAT') in the Original Application No. I 70of1997 and Review Application No.32 of2003 G were upheld. The only issue which was raised by the Union of India was that CAT was not justified in holding that the order of dismissal was passed by an authority lower in rank than the appointing authority. The factual position in a nutshell is as follows: H SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2006] SUPP. 9 S.C.R. 350 A On I. I .1990 a letter was issued to the respondent informing him that on successful completion of the course which included successful completion of practical training on division and on the respondent passing the prescribed Hindi test he may be offered an appointment in the temporary cadre on the regular scales of pay. Subsequently after the completion of training, on B 13.6.1990 a letter was issued by the Divisional Commercial Manager (in short the 'DCM') Vadodara. A charge sheet was issued on l.6.1993 making allegations like misappropriation. Liberty was granted to the respondent to make submissions in respect of the charges and after an enquiry the DCM passed an order of penalty of removal from service. Respondent filed an appeal before the Appellate Authority. The Senior Divisional Commercial C Manager, Vadodara, the Appellate Authority dismissed the appeal. A revision petition was filed. The Revisional Authority i.e. ADRM also dismissed the revision. A petition was filed before CAT praying to set aside and for quashing the order of removal. A reply was submitted by present appellants. It was stated that the respondent has been rightly removed from service. The Tribunal held that an authority lower than the appointing authority passed the order D for removal from service. The DCM and Senior DCM who had acted as disciplinary authority as well as the Appellant Authority were lower in rank . than the appointing authority. Accordingly the order was quashed. As noted above the writ petition filed before the High Court was dismissed. E In support of the appeal, learned counsel for the appellants submitted that the order dated 1.1.1990 was the selection order and in fact the appointment order is dated 13.6.1990 which was passed by the DCM. Selection order was passed by the DRM while the appointment order was passed by the DCM who had acted as the disciplinary authority. F Learned counsel for the respondent supported the orders of the CAT and the High Court. It appears that before CAT and High Court the controversy was whether the DCM was the appointing authority. There was no plea taken regarding the distinction now projected i.e. 1.1.1990 is the selection order and 13 .6.1990 G was the appointment order. There ·is no dispute that the departmental proceeding can be initiated by a person lower in rank than appointing authority. But the final order can be passed only by the appointing authority or an authority higher to him. The law relating to initiation by a person lower in rank than the authority competen_t H to pass final order has been the subject matter of adjudication in many cases. U.O.I. _v._ HASMUKHBHAI HIRABHAI RANA [PASAYAT, J.] 351 .. (See _State of Madhya Pradesh and Ors._ v. _Shardul Singh,_ [ 1970] I SCC 108 A and in _State of U.P. and Anr._ v. _Chandrapal Singh and Anr.,_ [2003] 4 SCC 670). It is not in dispute that the respondent has been reinstated in the mean time but what appears not to have been done is to grant an opportunity to the appellants so that the appropriate authority can pass the final order in the B departmental proceeding. The distinction now sought to be made between the orders dated l.l.1990 and 13.6.1990 cannot appears to have been highlighted either before CAT or the High Court. It is only before this Court that such a plea has been raised. > In the aforesaid background we modify orders of the CAT and the High C Court to the extent that DRM can consider all relevant aspects after granting opportunity to the respondent on the basis of the enquiry report submitted. The departmental enquiry shall be concluded as early as practicable. Needless to say that the respondent has to co-operate in the departmental proceedings. D Appeal is allowed to the aforesaid extent with no order as to costs. D.G. Appeal partly allowed .