THE MANAGER, MAR BASIL HIGHER SECONDARY AND VOCATIONAL HIGH SECONDARY SCHOOL, SENAPATHY, SENAPATHY P.O., IDUKKI DISTRICT v. THE ADDITIONAL REGISTERING AUTHORITY NEDUMKANDAM, UDUMBANCHOLA TALUK, IDUKKI, PIN - 685 554

## **IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM** ## **PRESENT** **THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ANIL K.NARENDRAN** **FRIDAY ,THE 26TH DAY OF OCTOBER 2018 / 4TH KARTHIKA, 1940** ## **WP(C).No. 25427 of 2018** ## **PETITIONER/S:** **THE MANAGER, MAR BASIL HIGHER SECONDARY AND VOCATIONAL HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL, SENAPATHY, SENAPATHY P.O., IDUKKI DISTRICT.** **BY ADVS. SRI.M.JITHESH MENON SMT.K.INDU (POURNAMI) SRI.P.G.MAHESHKUMAR SRI.R.BRIJESH** ## **RESPONDENT/S:** **THE ADDITIONAL REGISTERING AUTHORITY NEDUMKANDAM, UDUMBANCHOLA TALUK, IDUKKI, PIN - 685 554.** ## **BY SRI P.SANTHOSH KUMAR, SPECIAL GOVERNMENT PLEADER** **THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION ON 26.10.2018, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:** **WP(C).No. 25427 of 2018** **2** ## **JUDGMENT** The petitioner, who is the Manager of Mar Basil Higher Secondary and Vocational Higher Secondary School, who purchased a Heavy Passenger Motor Vehicle bearing Registration No.KL-39/J-858 covered by Ext.P1 certificate of registration on 23.03.2018, has filed this writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, seeking a writ of certiorari to quash Ext.P2 proceedings of the respondent dated 13.04.2018 to the extent it accords sanction for alteration in accordance with AIS:063:2005. The petitioner has also sought for a writ of mandamus commanding the respondent to endorse the change of class of vehicle, which is a 2015 model vehicle with seating capacity of 39 in all, with date of registration 05.10.2015, as 'Educational Institution Bus' from 'stage carriage', without insisting for the compliance of Bus Body Code. **WP(C).No. 25427 of 2018** **3** 2. On 05.09.2018, when this writ petition came up for admission, the learned Senior Government Pleader was directed to get instructions. 3. Heard the learned counsel for the petitioner and also the learned Special Government Pleader appearing for the respondent. 4. The issue raised in this writ petition is as to the applicability of Bus Body Code prescribed under Rule 125C of the Central Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989 (for brevity 'CMV Rules'), while seeking alteration of class of vehicle. The fact that the vehicle in question was originally registered as 'stage carriage' prior to the introduction of Rule 125C of the CMV Rules is not in dispute. 5. During the course of arguments, it is submitted by the learned counsel on both sides that W.A.No.1678 of 2018 and connected cases, filed by the State challenging the judgment of this Court dated 24.05.2018 in W.P.(C).No.1015 of **WP(C).No. 25427 of 2018** **4** 2018 and connected cases, ended in dismissal by the judgment of the Division Bench of this Court dated 27.09.2018. Paragraphs 4 to 6 of the said judgment read thus: _"4. It is the case of the appellants that, in as much as the writ petitioners had presented transport vehicles, that were earlier registered as educational institution buses/private service vehicles, for alteration of the class of vehicles to stage carriage/contract carriage, the writ petitioners were obliged to ensure that the vehicles presented for alteration of class of vehicles also complied with the new specifications for the bus body in terms of Rule 125C of the Central Rules._ _5. We have considered the submissions of the learned Government Pleader for the appellants but, we are afraid, we cannot read Rule 125C in the manner suggested by the appellants. A mere perusal of the Rules would indicate that while Rule 125C (1) mandated that only new models of buses with seating capacity of 13 or more passengers excluding driver had to have the body built in accordance with new specifications (AIS:052 (Rev-1) 2008) at the time of presentation for testing and approval for body building, the proviso to the said Rule made the requirement applicable to existing models of such buses as well, on and after 1.4.2015. In either_ **WP(C).No. 25427 of 2018** **5** |_event, the rule applied only when a new model of_| |---| |_vehicle was presented with the chasis and a body_| |_fitted thereon or when an existing model vehicle_| |_chassis was presented with a new body fitted_| |_thereon._<br> _In the instant Appeals, it is the_| |_admitted case that the vehicles, in respect of_| |_which the applications for alteration of class_| |_were preferred,were all vehicles with unaltered_| |_chassis and body. In other words, it was not a_| |_case where any of the vehicles had been presented_| |_with a request for approval for a new body that_| |_was built on a chassis of an existing model of_| |_the vehicle. In our view, in such cases, where_| |_there is no replacement of the body of the_| |_vehicle with a new body, the provisions of Rule_| |_125C (1), together with the proviso thereof would_| |_have no application._<br> _It needs to be noted_| |_further, for the sake of completion, that the_| |_amendment that was brought about through the_| |_notification dated 20.9.2016 only had the effect_| |_of removing the erstwhile proviso and_| |_substituting it with a new proviso. The new_| |_proviso only clarifies that the implementation of_| |_the revised standards, in cases of new models of_| |_bus with seating capacity of 13 or more_| |_passengers excluding driver, will be done in two_| |_phases. In other words, the amendment has the_| |_effect of doing away with the necessity of_| |_compliance with the revised standards, so far as_| |_existing models of buses with seating capacity of_| |_13 or more passengers excluding driver are_| **WP(C).No. 25427 of 2018** **6** _concerned. As already noted above, we are of the view that, in the case of the writ petitioners, the proviso to the unamended Rule had no application. The amendment to the Rule, therefore, did not impact them in any way. 6. We are therefore in complete agreement with the findings of the learned single Judge on the issue of necessity for the vehicles in question, to comply with the requirement of the revised standards under Rule 125C of the Central Rules as a pre-condition for the consideration of the applications for alteration of class of vehicle. The Writ Appeals consequently fail and are accordingly dismissed.” (underline supplied)_ 6. A reading of the judgment in W.A.No.1678 of 2018 and connected cases would make it clear that the provisions under Rule 125C of the CMV Rules have application only to new models of buses with seating capacity of 13 or more passengers excluding driver. In respect of those vehicles, the body has to be built in accordance with new specifications (AIS:052 (Rev-1) 2008) at the time of presentation for testing and approval for body building. The proviso to the said Rule, made the requirement applicable to existing models of such **WP(C).No. 25427 of 2018** ## **7** buses as well, on and after 01.04.2015. In either event, the rule applies only when a new model of vehicle was presented with the chassis and a body fitted thereon or when an existing model vehicle chassis was presented with a new body fitted thereon. 7. In the judgment in W.A.No.1678 of 2018 and connected cases, the Division Bench noticed that in the appeals it is the admitted case that the vehicles, in respect of which the applications for alteration of class were preferred, were all vehicles with unaltered chassis and body. In other words, it was not a case where any of the vehicles had been presented with a request for approval for a new body that was built on a chassis of an existing model of the vehicle. Therefore, the Division Bench held that in such cases, where there is no replacement of the body of the vehicle with a new body, the provisions of sub-rule (1) of Rule 125C of CMV Rules, together with the proviso **WP(C).No. 25427 of 2018** **8** thereof would have no application. ## 8. Having considered the submissions made by the learned counsel on both sides and the judgment of the Division Bench in W.A.No.1678 of 2018 and connected cases, this Court finds that the application made by the petitioner for alteration of the class of vehicle has to be reconsidered by the respondent Registering Authority, taking note of the law laid down by this Court in the decision referred to supra. ## 9. In **M.C. Metha v. Union of India [(1997) 8** **SCC 770]** , a Three-Judge Bench of the Apex Court held that the existing provisions in the Motor Vehicles Act alone are sufficient to clothe the members of the police force and the transport authorities with ample powers to control and regulate the traffic in an appropriate manner so that no vehicle being used in a public place poses any danger to the public in any form. The requirement of maintaining the motor vehicles in **WP(C).No. 25427 of 2018** **9** the manner prescribed and its use if roadworthy in a manner which does not endanger public, has to be ensured by the authorities and this is the aim of the provisions enacted in the Motor Vehicles Act. ## 10. In **Usha Nanthini v. Secretary, Regional** ## **Transport Authority, Palakkad and another [2018** **(2) KHC 89]** , in the context of Section 83 of the Motor Vehicles Act, this Court held that use of a transport vehicle which is not roadworthy in the manner prescribed under the Motor Vehicles Act and the rules made thereunder would endanger the life of the travelling public and also the public on the road, as there is every possibility that driving of such vehicles may lead to major road accidents. Therefore, strict compliance with the provisions of Rule 62 of the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, read with the relevant provisions under Chapter V of the said Rules, in so far as the same are applicable to transport vehicles, is highly essential for permitting the use of a **WP(C).No. 25427 of 2018** ## **10** transport vehicle on the road. A vehicle which no longer complies with all the requirements of the Motor Vehicles Act and the rules made thereunder cannot be permitted to be driven or plied on the road. Therefore, roadworthiness and viability of the incoming vehicle shall be the consideration in an application for replacement, rather than the model of the incoming vehicle. 11. Therefore, roadworthiness and viability of the vehicle shall be the consideration in an application for alteration of the class of a transport vehicle. In that view of the matter, a decision on the request made for alteration of the class of a transport vehicle has to be taken, taking into consideration the nature of the alteration required, the road worthiness and also the viability of the vehicle. In such circumstances, this writ petition is disposed of by setting aside the condition stipulated in Ext.P2 proceedings of the respondent **WP(C).No. 25427 of 2018** ## **11** dated 13.04.2018 and directing the said respondent to reconsider the application made by the petitioner for alteration of the class of his vehicle, taking note of the law laid down by the Division Bench of this Court in W.A.No.1678 of 2018 and connected cases and also the decisions referred to supra, and after conducting an inspection of the vehicle with reference to the provisions under the Motor Vehicles Act and Rules made thereunder, as it stood prior to the introduction to Rule 125C of the Central Motor Vehicle Rules. A decision in this regard shall be taken, as expeditiously as possible and at any rate, within a period of two months from the date of receipt of a certified copy of this judgment. **Sd/-** ## **ANIL K.NARENDRAN, JUDGE** **WP(C).No. 25427 of 2018** **12** ## **APPENDIX** **PETITIONER'S/S EXHIBITS:** **EXHIBIT P1. TRUE COPY OF THE RELEVANT PAGE OF THE REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE OF HEAVY PASSENGER MOTOR VEHICLE BEARING REGISTRATION NO.KL-39/J.858.** **EXHIBIT P2. TRUE COPY OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE RESPONDENT WHICH WAS SIGNED FOR COMMUNICATION ON 13.04.2018.** **EXHIBIT P3. TRUE COPY OF THE JUDGMENT RENDERED BY THIS HON'BLE COURT IN W.P.(C) NO.1015/2018 AND CONNECTED CASES DATED 24.05.2018.** AV/29/10