T. M. Suseelan v. State

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM PRESENT : THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE M.SASIDHARAN NAMBIAR FRIDAY, THE 5TH DECEMBER 2008 / 14TH AGRAHAYANA 1930 Crl.Rev.Pet.No. 2261 of 2008() -----------------------------AGAINST THE ORDER DATED 17/06/2008 IN CRMP.571/2005 IN CC.44/2004 of ENQUIRY COMMR. & SPL.JUDGE, KOZHIKODE .................... REVN. PETITIONER(S): PETITIONER/3RD ACCUSED -------------------------------------------------------- T.M.SUSEELAN, S/O.NARAYANAN, MOOTHETHANDESSERIL HOUSE, PERUMBADANNA, NORTH PARAVOOR, ERNAKULAM (FORMER SUPERINTENDING ENGINEER, MINOR CENTRAL (IRRIGATION) CIRCLE, ERNAKULAM) BY ADV. SRI.T.A.SHAJI RESPONDENT(S): RESPONDENT/STATE -------------------------------------------- STATE OF KERALA, REPRESENTED BY THE PUBLIC PROSECUTOR, HIGH COURT OF KERALA, ERNAKULAM (REPRESENTING THE DY.S.P VIGILANCE AND ANTI CORRUPTION BUREAU, PALAKKAD). ADV. SRI.P.N.SUKUMARAN,SPL.PUBLIC PROSECUTOR THIS CRIMINAL REVISION PETITION HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION ON 05/12/2008, ALONG WITH CRRP NO. 2439 OF 2008 CRRP NO. 2304 OF 2008 CRRP NO. 2305 OF 2008 THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY PASSED THE FOLLOWING: ## **M.SASIDHARAN NAMBIAR,J.** =========================== Crl.R.P. NO.2261,2304, 2305, 2439 OF 2008 =========================== Dated this the 5th day of December,2008 ## ORDER Accused 3,4,5 and 6 in C.C.44/2004 on the file of Special Judge, Kozhikode are respectively the revision petitioners in Crl.R.P.2261/2008, 2304/2008, 2305/2008 and 2439/2008. The revision petitions are filed challenging the order dated 17.6.2008 passed by the Special Judge whereunder Crl.M.P.571/2005,490/2007,892/2007 and 100/2008 filed by the accused 3, 6, 4 and 5 respectively were dismissed finding that there is a prima facie case against all the accused. Accused 1, 2 and 7 are no more. The order is challenged by the respective accused on the ground that there is no material establishing a prima facie case against them. 2. Learned senior counsel appearing for the revision petitioner in Crl.R.P.2439/2008 and CRRP 2261/2008 & connected cases 2 learned counsel appearing for the other petitioners and the learned Public prosecutor were heard and the records called for were perused. 3. The learned Special Judge after appreciating the prosecution case held that from the available documents a prima facie case has been made out against all the accused. The argument of the learned counsel appearing for the revision petitioners is that apart from mentioning that a prima facie case has been made out, on what materials a prima facie case is made out against each of the accused, were not stated in the impugned order. It was pointed out that third accused worked as Superintending Engineer, Minor Central Irrigation Circle, Ernakulam only from the period 1.7.1995 to 31.3.1997 and 4[th] accused was the Executive Engineer, Minor Irrigation Division, Palakkad for the period June 1992 to April, 1995 and the 5[th] accused was the Executive Engineer from 3.4.1995 to 24.1.1997 and the 6[th] accused was the CRRP 2261/2008 & connected cases 3 Assistant Engineer from 1.2.1992 to 4.11.1997 and as per the draft charge submitted by the Dy.SP, Vigilance, charge against all the accused was that” while working in the Irrigation Department they submitted proposals for the construction of three check dams across Seethar gundu stream in Nelliyampathy Panchayath at Karuna Plantation, Palakkad District suppressing the real fact that the sites of check dams are situated in a private estate and the owner being the sole beneficiary and misrepresenting some vital facts by violating the norms stipulated in the Government Order pertaining to the construction of check dams managed to obtain sanction from the Government and thus caused a loss of Rs.33,11,507/- to the State, being the amount incurred so far and thereby committed offence under section 13(2) read with section 13(1) (d) of PC Act 1988 and Section 120 B of IPC. It was pointed out that even according to the prosecution case scheme for construction of check CRRP 2261/2008 & connected cases 4 dams was approved by the Government on 19.7.1994 and administrative sanction for check dam No.1 was granted on 25.10.1994 and technical sanction was granted on 1.3.1995. So also administrative sanction for check dams 2 and 3 was granted on 31.1.1995 and technical sanction was granted on 5.2.1996. It was argued that proposal pertaining to the construction of check dams was submitted much earlier to 25.10.1994 at a time when the accused was not there and therefore accused who took charge subsequent to the said date cannot be held liable for suppressing vital facts or misrepresenting facts as alleged by the prosecution and the learned Special Judge should have discharged them. Learned counsel pointed out that the Special Judge did not consider the material facts and without considering the material documents or statements, it was held that there is a prima facie case and dismissed the applications for discharge and the order is not sustainable. CRRP 2261/2008 & connected cases 5 4. Learned Public Prosecutor submitted that though administrative sanction and technical sanction were obtained earlier, as per the instructions of the Minister for Irrigation dated 24.5.1995 the work was directed to be stopped and the Chief Engineer had called for a report from the Superintending Engineer regarding the details of the beneficiaries, if the check dams are constructed as sanctioned and even thereafter vital facts were suppressed and construction was proceeded and though accused had taken charge subsequent to the granting of administrative sanction they are also liable and therefore findings of the learned Special Judge that a prima facie case is made out warrants no interference. It was further argued that at the stage of framing charge value of each piece of evidence need not be evaluated and court need only satisfy about a prima facie case and when the Special Judge recorded that he is satisfied of a prima facie CRRP 2261/2008 & connected cases 6 case, no interference is warranted. 5. Learned senior counsel relied on the decision of the Apex Court in Union of India v. Prafula Kumar Samal (1979) 3 SCC 4)and Dilawar Balu Kurane v. State of Maharashtra (2002) 2 SCC 135) and argued that a charge could be framed against the accused only when the materials placed before the court discloses grave suspicion against the accused which has not been properly explained and if two views are equally possible and the Judge is satisfied that evidence produced before him while giving rise to some suspicion do not rise grave suspicion, he will be fully within his right to discharge the accused and on the facts accused are to be discharged. 6. On hearing the learned counsel and going through the impugned order of the learned Special Judge, it is absolutely clear that learned Special Judge did not consider the claim of the revision petitioners for discharge in the light of the CRRP 2261/2008 & connected cases 7 materials available on record. 7. At the stage of considering the question whether accused is to be discharged or charge is to be framed, court has the power to sift and weigh the evidence for the limited purpose of deciding whether or not a prima facie case is made out. If the evidence which the prosecutor proposes to adduce to prove the guilt of the accused, even if accepted fully will not show that accused committed the offence, it is a case where there is no ground to proceed with the trial by framing charge. Apex Court in **Prafulla Kumar Samal's case (supra)** laid down the principles as follows:- **==> picture [280 x 12] intentionally omitted <==** considering the question of framing the charges under section 227 of the Code has the undoubted power to sift and weigh the evidence for the limited purpose of finding out whether or not a CRRP 2261/2008 & connected cases 8 prima facie case against the accused has been made out. (2) Where the materials placed before the court disclose grave suspicion against the accused which has not been properly explained the Court will be fully justified in framing a charge and proceeding with the trial. (3) The test to determine a prima facie case would naturally depend upon the facts of each case and it is difficult to lay down a rule of universal application. By and large however, if two views are equally possible and the Judge is satisfied that the evidence produced before him while giving rise to some suspicion but not grave suspicion CRRP 2261/2008 & connected cases 9 against the accused, he will be fully within his right to discharge the accused. - (4) That in exercising his jurisdiction under section 227 of the Code the Judge which under the present Code is a senior and experienced court cannot act merely as a post office or a mouthpiece of the prosecution, but has to consider the broad probabilities of the case, the total effect of the evidence and the documents produced before the Court, any basic infirmities appearing in the case and so on. This however does not mean that the judge should make a roving enquiry into the pros and cons of the matter and weigh the evidence CRRP 2261/2008 & connected cases 10 as if he was conducting a trial.” 8. The question is whether the proposed evidence if accepted warrant framing of charge. While considering that question it is seen that the draft charge as submitted by the Dy.Sp shows the specific charge is that “suppressing material facts and misrepresenting vital facts and by violating the norms stipulated by the Government Orders pertaining to construction of check dams, all the accused conspired together and managed to obtain sanction from the Government and thereby caused loss to the State to the tune of Rs.33,11,507. There is no specific charge that the accused subsequent to obtaining administrative sanction either misrepresented vital facts or suppressed material facts. As per the draft charge even if there was suppression of facts or misrepresentation of facts, they were all prior to obtaining administrative sanction. True, the Special Judge is not cabined by the draft charge CRRP 2261/2008 & connected cases 11 submitted by the Dy.Sp and it is for the Special Judge to consider the materials produced and decide whether on the materials a prima facie case is made out against each of the accused to frame charge. But the impugned order does not show that learned Special Judge had applied his mind on the materials to find out what is the case against each of the accused and which are the materials, if relied on, would reveal a prima facie case against the accused. In such circumstance, the order dismissing the applications filed by the revision petitioners, without proper consideration, is not sustainable. The impugned order is therefore set aside. The revision petitions are allowed. Crl.M.Ps.571/2005, 490/2007,892/2007 & 100/2008 are remanded to Special Judge, Kozhikode for fresh disposal. Special Judge has to consider the materials produced and relied on by the prosecution to prove the case against the accused to find out whether a prima facie case is made out against the CRRP 2261/2008 & connected cases 12 accused. If the evidence which the prosecution proposed to adduce to prove the guilt of the accused is accepted fully, before it is challenged in cross examination or rebutted by the defence evidence, cannot show that the accused committed the offence, then Special Judge is to find that there is no sufficient ground for proceeding and discharge the accused. If not the petitions are to be dismissed and charge is to be framed. Send back the records forthwith. M.SASIDHARAN NAMBIAR JUDGE tpl/- ## M.SASIDHARAN NAMBIAR, J. --------------------W.P.(C).NO. /06 --------------------- JUDGMENT SEPTEMBER,2006