# **`IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM`**
## **`PRESENT`**
## **`THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MURALI PURUSHOTHAMAN`**
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MONDAY, THE 5[TH] DAY OF FEBRUARY 2024 / 16TH MAGHA, 1945
WP(C) NO. 34734 OF 2023
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## **`PETITIONER/S:`**
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SUDHARMAN R., S/O.LATE RAGHAVAN,
AGED 61 YEARS
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PUTHENVILA VEEDU, KATTAYIL, ODANAVATTOM P.O.,
KOTTARAKARA, KOLLAM, PIN - 691512
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BY ADVS.
B.MOHANLAL
AJAY S. KOSHY
ASWIN V. NAIR
BLESSY MARY SEBASTIAN
JAYAPRABHA ARJUN
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## **`RESPONDENT/S:`**
- **`1 THE MALLAPPALLY GRAMA PANCHAYATH, REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY, MALLAPPALLY P.O., THIRUVALLA, PATHANAMTHITTA, PIN - 689585`**
- **`2 THE MALLAPPALLY GR PANAMACHAYATH COMMITTEE, REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT, MALLAPPALLY P.O., THIRUVALLA, PATHANAMTHITTA, PIN - 689585`**
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BY ADV T.K.BIJU (MANJINIKARA)
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THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR
ADMISSION ON 05.02.2024, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY
DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
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W.P(C) No.34734/2023
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## **`JUDGMENT`**
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The petitioner has entered into a lease
agreement to conduct quarrying operation in respect
of 1.4561 Hectares of property in Mallappally
Village, Pathanamthitta District covered by Ext.P1
tax receipt and Ext.P2 Possession Certificate.
Ext.P3 is the letter of intent issued by the
Director of Mining and Geology to conduct quarrying
operation in the above extent of land. The
petitioner has obtained Ext.P5 Environmental
Clearance from the State Level Environment Impact
Assessment Authority [SEIAA] and also Ext.P6 consent
to operate from the Pollution Control Board. Ext.P7
is the LE-3 License issued by the Joint Controller
of Explosives.
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2. Pursuant to the aforesaid licences, consent
and Environmental Clearance obtained by the
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petitioner, Ext.P9 application dated 03.07.2023 was
submitted by the petitioner before the 1[st] respondent
for licence to conduct quarrying operation. The
petitioner has also submitted Ext.P10 application
dated 25.07.2023 through online along with the
required documents to the 1[st] respondent for issuance
of licence under Sections 232 and 233 of the Kerala
Panchayat Raj Act, 1994 [for brevity, ‘the Act,
1994’]. Ext.P11 is the acknowledgment issued by the
Panchayat evidencing receipt of Ext.P10. The
petitioner states that even after the expiry of 30
days from the date of submission of Ext.P10
application, he has not been issued with any
communication, either rejecting or allowing the
application or informing him about any defects in
the application. The petitioner also states that
Ext.P10 application has been crystalised into a
deemed permission/licence as contemplated under
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Sections 236(3) and 233(6) of the Act, 1994.
Accordingly, the petitioner has filed this writ
petition for a declaration that Ext.P10 application
for permission and licence as contemplated under
Sections 232 and 233 of the Act, 1994 has been
crystalised into a deemed grant by operation of law
by virtue of Sections 236(3) and 233(6) of the said
Act.
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3. A counter affidavit has been filed by
respondents 1 and 2 wherein it is stated that
Ext.P10 application was filed by the petitioner on
25.07.2023 and by Ext.R1(a) dated 09.08.2023, the
petitioner was asked to produce certain documents
and to cure the defects in the application. The
additional documents, as directed, were received on
19.08.2023. The application of the petitioner was
presented before the very next Committee after
19.08.2023, i.e., on 25.08.2023 and as per Ext.R1(b)
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resolution, postponed the decision for ensuring
proper sanitation facility for workers and lorry
drivers at the quarrying site. The said decision of
the Committee was communicated to the petitioner on
26.08.2023 as per Ext.R1(c). The petitioner
submitted Ext.R1(d) reply on 01.09.2023. Thereafter,
on 05.09.2023, 26 residents of Ward No.7 of the
Panchayat filed Ext.R1(d) complaint before the
Panchayat, requesting not to evict them from their
present premises for the purpose of quarrying
operation. On receipt of the complaint, the
Panchayat called for a meeting of the residents,
ward member and the petitioner on 21.09.2023, as
evident from Ext.R1(e) minutes. The Panchayat
Committee again considered the application of the
petitioner on 23.09.2023 and decided to conduct a
survey on rehabilitation and deferred final decision
as evident from Ext.R1(f) minutes. On 16.10.2023, a
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meeting was held at the office of the Panchayat in
which the petitioner as well as the complainants and
the members of the Panchayat participated. However,
no decision could be arrived at. Ext.R1(h) is the
minutes of the said meeting. The application of the
petitioner was thereafter taken for consideration by
the Panchayat Committee in its meeting held on
21.10.2023 and decided to defer the grant of licence
till the redressal of the grievance of the
complainants/local inhabitants. Accordingly, the
respondents contend that the petitioner is not
entitled for deemed licence or licence at the
present stage.
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4. Heard Sri.B.Mohanlal, learned counsel for the
petitioner and Sri.T.K.Biju, learned Standing
Counsel for the respondents.
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5. Sri.Mohanlal would contend that Ext.P10
application of the petitioner under Sections 232 and
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233 of the Act, 1994 was submitted on 25.07.2023.
Section 236(3) of the Act, 1994 provides that orders
on application for licence or permission have to be
communicated to the applicant within 30 days after
the receipt of such application by the Secretary, or
else, the application shall be deemed to have been
allowed for the period, if any, for which it would
have ordinarily allowed and subject to conditions
imposed as per Rules and bye-laws. The period of 30
days expired on 25.08.2023 in terms of Section
236(3) of the Act, 1994. Ext.R1(a) is the letter
issued by the Secretary of the Panchayat informing
the petitioner of certain defects in Ext.P10
application. Admittedly, the petitioner cured the
defects on 19.08.2023. The writ petition was filed
on 18.10.2023. In the counter affidavit, it is
stated that the application of the petitioner was
placed before the Panchayat Committee on 25.08.2023.
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From the averments in the counter affidavit, it can
be seen that no decision is taken on the
application and the Panchayat Committee had deferred
decision on the application on the basis of certain
complaints received from the local residents.
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6. Sri.Mohanlal submits that since it is
admitted by the respondents that the defects in the
application were cured on 19.08.2023, in the light
of the judgment of the Full Court in Abdul Kharim
and Another v. Pazhayakunummel Grama Panchayat and
Another [2018 (5) KHC 643], the deemed fiction as
per Section 236(3) of the Act, 1994 would come into
operation as and when the defects in the application
are cured. Sri.Mohanlal also relies on the judgment
of this Court in ATC Telecom Infrastructure Pvt.Ltd.
v. Kerala State Telecom Advisory Committee [2018 (4)
KLT 234]. It is also contended that the application
of the petitioner has to be considered by the
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Secretary of the Panchayat and the Panchayat
Committee cannot usurp the powers of the Secretary
under the Statute. Accordingly, the learned counsel
contends that the petitioner has secured deemed
licence under Sections 232 and 233 of the Act, 1994
by virtue of Sections 233(6) and 236(3) of the said
Act.
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7. Per contra, Sri.Biju would contend that the
application of the petitioner was not considered
within the stipulated period as complaints were
received from local residents and since the dispute
has to be resolved, the Panchayat Committee has
deferred a decision on the application. It is also
contended that Ext.P10 application submitted by the
petitioner is a composite application under Sections
232 and 233 of the Act, 1994 and a decision has to
be taken by the Village/Panchayat and not by the
Secretary of the Panchayat. Sri.Biju relies on the
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decision of this Court inKadaplamattom Grama
Panchayat, Kottayam and Another v. Johny Roy [2013
(3) KHC 857 : 2013 (3) KLT 1053] in support of the
said contention.
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8. Sri.Mohanlal would submit that the said
decision would not apply to the case on hand, since
the said decision was rendered prior to the
amendment vide Act 14 of 2018. Sri.Mohanlal refers
to the decision of a Full Bench of this Court in
Tomy Thomas v. State of Kerala [2019 (3) KLT 987
(FB)], wherein paragraph 23 reads as follows:
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“23.Undertheabovementioned
circumstances the reference is answered by
upholding the view taken in Ramapuram Grama
Panchayat [supra] as the correct law. But
we make it clear that the legal position
has been changed by virtue of the
amendments as mentioned above and the
Village Panchayats do not enjoy any primacy
of their power to refuse the applications
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seeking permission for construction or
establishment of any factory, workshop or
workplace, under S.233 of the Kerala
Panchayat Raj Act, on and from the date of
enforcement of the amendments.”
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The Full Bench has categorically held that after the
amendment of Section 233 of the Kerala Panchayat Raj
Act, 1994 by Act 14 of 2018, the power of the
Village Panchayat to refuse permission has been
taken away by the Legislature.
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**`9. Sections 232, 233 and 236 of the Act, 1994`**
**`read as follows:`**
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“Section 232
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Purpose for which places may not be used
without a licence
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(1) The Village Panchayat may notify that
no place in the Panchayat area shall be
used for any of the purposes specified in
the rules made in this behalf , without a
licence issued by the Secretary and except
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in accordance with the conditions specified
in such licence:
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Provided that no such notification shall
take effect until the expiry of thirty days
from the date of its publication.
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Section 233
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Permission for the construction of
factories and the installation of machinery
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(1)No person shall, without the permission
of the Village Panchayat and except in
accordance with the conditions specified in
such permission,-
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(a) construct or establish any factory,
workshop or workplace in which it is
proposed to employ steam power, water power
or other mechanical power or electrical
power; or
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(b) install in any premises any machinery
or manufacturing plant driven by any power
as aforesaid, not being machinery or
manufacturing plant exempted by the
provisions of this Act or the rules made
thereunder.
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(2) An application for permission under
sub-section (1) shall be submitted to the
Village Panchayat addressed to the
Secretary or officer authorized by the
Secretary in such form and with such
details as prescribed.
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(2A) The Secretary or officer authorized by
him shall, issue an acknowledgement to the
applicant, on receipt of application along
with the supporting documents in the form,
as may be prescribed, and shall verify the
application and all supporting documents on
the spot itself, and if any supporting
document is not found attached along with
the application, the Secretary or officer
authorized by him shall, immediately inform
the applicant in writing the list of
missing documents and allow the applicant
to submit the missing documents as early as
possible, but not later than five days from
the date of receipt of application.
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(3) the Secretary or the officer authorised
by him shall, as soon as may be, after the
receipt of the application enquire and
report to the Village Panchayat as to
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whether the establishment of the factory,
workshop or workplace or other installation
of machinery or manufacturing plant for
which permission is applied for is
objectionable by reason of density of
population in the neighbourhood and
possibility to cause nuisance or pollution
and the Village Panchayat, after having
considered the application and the reports
of the Secretary and of such other
authorities as specified in sub-section (4)
may, as expeditiously as possible, within
thirty days, grant the permission either
absolutely or subject to such conditions as
it thinks fit to impose.
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(4) Before granting permission under sub-
section (3), the Secretary, shall obtain
and consider.
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(a) a report of the Inspector of Factories
appointed under the Factories Act, 1948
(Central Act 63 of 1948) or of an officer
of the Industries Department not below the
rank of an Industries Extension Officer
having jurisdiction over the area regarding
the adequacy of ventilation, light etc. and
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sufficiency of the height and size of the
rooms and doors and the suitability of
exists to be used in case of fire in the
plan of factories, workshop, workplace or
premises if they came within the purview of
the Factories Act, 1948 (Central Act 63 of
1948) and such other matters as may be
prescribed :
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(b) a report of the District Medical
Officer in case the applicant is a
hospital, clinic, para-medical institution,
clinical laboratories or other healthcare
institution, regarding the possibility of
nuisance or pollution if the connected load
of the machinery proposed to be installed
exceeds 25 HP or if the nature of the
machinery and installation are such that it
may cause nuisance or pollution; and
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(c) a report of the Divisional Fire Officer
or any other officer authorised by him
regarding the adequacy of fire prevention
and fire fighting measures planned if the
proposed industry involves the use of high
tension power or inflammable or explosive
materials:
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Provided that, no report under clause (b)
shall be called for in respect of any
industry if the applicant produces a
declaration recommended by an officer of
the Industries Department authorised in
this behalf or by the Kerala State
Pollution Control Board to the effect that
such industry would not cause pollution.
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(5) The grant of permission under this
section,--
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(a) Shall be subject to the conditions to
be observed in respect of the replacement
of machinery the levy of fees and to such
restrictions and conditions as may be
prescribed;
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(b) Shall not be deemed as exempted from
observing the provisions contained in
section 235 (F) and 235 (H) or 235 (P) and
235 (Q)]
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(6)If any order, on an application for
permission under this section is not
communicated to the applicant within thirty
days from the date of receipt of
application by the Secretary, the
application shall be deemed to have been
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allowed for the period required in the
application subject to the Act, rules and
bye laws and all conditions which would
have been imposed and if any violation is
noticed later, the Secretary shall have the
power to cancel the licence after giving a
show cause notice to the applicant stating
the reason for such cancellation and after
examining the submission if any, made
within the time specified in the said
notice and on such cancellation the
Secretary may impose a penalty on the
applicant for an amount not exceeding
rupees five lakhs.”
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Section 236
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General provisions regarding licences and
permissions.-
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(1) Save as otherwise expressly provided
in, or may be prescribed under this Act,
every application for any licence or
permission under this Act or any rule or
bye-law made thereunder, or for the renewal
thereof, shall be made not less than thirty
and not more than ninety days before the
earliest date with effect from which, or
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the commencement of the period (being three
years or such lesser period as is mentioned
in the application for which the licence or
permission is required.
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(2) Save as otherwise expressly provided
in, or may be prescribed under this Act,
for every such licence or permission fees
may be charged on such units and at such
rates as may be fixed by the Village
Panchayat with due regard to the
expenditure to be incurred for rendering
service to the trade and for the regulation
of the trade, for which the licence or
permission is granted.
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(3)Save as aforesaid, if orders on an
application for any such licence or
permission are not communicated to the
applicant within thirty days or such longer
period as may be prescribed in any class of
cases after the receipt of the application
by the Secretary, the application shall be
deemed to have been allowed for the period,
if any, for which it would have been
ordinarily allowed and subject to the law,
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rules and bye-laws and all conditions
ordinarily imposed.
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(4) The acceptance of the pre-payment of
the fee for any such licence or permission
shall not entitle the person making such
pre-payment to the licence or permission
but only to a refund of the fee in case of
refusal of the licence or permission.
(5) If an act for which any such licence or
permission is necessary is done without
such licence or permission or in a manner
inconsistent with the terms of the licence
or permission obtained then
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(a) the Secretary may, by notice require the
person so doing such act, to alter, remove or
as far as practicable restore to its original
state, the whole, or any part of any property,
movable or immovable, public or private,
affected thereby, within a time to be specified
in the notice; and shall, so require if
directed by the Village Panchayat
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(b) if no penalty has been specifically
provided in this Act for so doing such act, the
person so doing it shall be punishable with
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fine not exceeding one thousand rupees and with
such higher rate of fine in case of repetition
of offence and after three offences much severe
punishment may be awarded or prosecution
proceeding may be initiated as the Panchayat
may deem fit.
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(6) Whenever any person is convicted of an
offence in respect of the failure to obtain any
such licence or permission, the Magistrate
shall, in addition to any fine which may be
imposed, recover summarily and pay over to the
Village Panchayat the amount of the fee
chargeable for the licence or permission, and
may, in his discretion, also recover summarily
and pay over to the Village Panchayat such
amount, if any, as he may fix as the cost of
the prosecution.
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Explanation.-- The recovery of the fee for a
licence or permission under this sub-section
shall not entitle the person convicted to the
licence or permission.
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(7) Every order of the Secretary granting or
refusing a licence or permission shall be
published on the notice board of the Village
Panchayat.
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(8) Every order of the Secretary refusing,
suspending, cancelling or modifying a licence
or permission shall be in writing and shall
state the grounds on which it proceeds.
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(9) Any licence or permission granted under
this Act or any rule made under it may at any
time be suspended or revoked by the Secretary,
if any of its restrictions, limitations or
conditions is evaded or infringed by the
grantee or if the grantee is convicted of a
breach of the provisions of the Act or of any
rules made under it in any matter to which such
licence or permission relates or if the grantee
has obtained the same by misrepresentation or
fraud.
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(10) It shall be the duty of the Secretary to
inspect places in respect of which a licence or
permission is required by or under this Act,
and he may enter any such place between sunrise
and sunset and if he has reason to believe that
anything is being done in any place without a
licence or permission where the same is
required by or under this Act, or otherwise
than in conformity with the same, he may at any
time by day or night without notice enter such
place for the purpose of satisfying himself
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whether any provision of law or rules, any
condition of a licence or permission or any
lawful direction or prohibition is contravened
and no claim shall lie against any person for
any damage or inconvenience necessarily caused
by the exercise of powers under this sub-
section by the Secretary or any person to whom
he has lawfully delegated his powers or by any
force necessary for effecting an entrance under
this sub-section.
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(11) When any licence or permission is
suspended or revoked or when the period for
which it was granted, or within which
application for renewal should be made, has
expired, whichever expires later, the grantee
shall for all purposes of this Act or any rule
made under it be deemed to be without a licence
or permission until the order suspending or
revoking the licence or permission is cancelled
or, subject to sub-sections (3) and (4), until
the licence or permission is renewed, as the
case may be.
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(12) Every grantee of a licence or permission
shall at all reasonable times, while such
licence or permission remains in force, produce
the same when required by the Secretary.
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(13) Notwithstanding anything contained in the
provisions of this section, no licence or
permission under this Act shall be granted to
any person who has defaulted payment of any
tax, fees or other dues payable to the Village
Panchayat.
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10.Section 233(6) provides that if any order,
on an application for permission under this section
is not communicated to the applicant within thirty
days from the date of receipt of application by the
Secretary, the application shall be deemed to have
been allowed for the period required in the
application subject to the Act, Rules and bye-laws
and all conditions which would have been imposed. It
further states that if any violation is noticed
later, the Secretary shall have the power to cancel
the licence after giving show-cause notice to the
applicant. Section 236 deals with general provisions
regardinglicencesandpermissionsand
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sub-section (3) thereof provides that if orders on
an application for any licence or permission are not
communicated to the applicant within 30 days or such
lower period as may be prescribed after the receipt
of the application by the Secretary, the application
shall be deemed to have been allowed for the period,
if any, for which it would have ordinarily allowed
and subject to the Law, Rules and by-laws and all
conditions ordinarily imposed.
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11. Ext.P10 application of petitioner was
submitted on 25.07.2023. Even according to the
respondents, the defects noted were cured by the
petitioner on 19.08.2023. Thereafter, it is stated
that, the application was placed before the
Panchayat Committee on 25.08.2023. No decisions were
taken on the application till date due to the
complaint submitted by the local inhabitants. It is
submitted that decision was deferred and a decision
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would be taken only after settling the complaint
submitted by the local residents. As held by this
Court inAbdul Kharim [supra], the deemed fiction as
per Section 236(3) of the Act, 1994 would arise
again when the petitioner resubmits the application,
after curing the defect. The petitioner has cured
the defect on 19.08.2023. No orders have been passed
on the application of the petitioner till date.
Accordingly,the petitioner has secured a valid
deemed licence with effect from 18.09.2023. It is
declared that the petitioner has secured a valid
deemed licence under Sections 232 and 233 of the
Act, 1994 on 18.09.2023.
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There will be a direction to the Secretary of
the Panchayat to issue licence in paper form to the
petitioner within a period of ten days from the date
of receipt of a certified copy of this judgment. It
will be open to the competent among the respondents
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to cancel/revoke the licence, in accordance with
law, in case of any violation.
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The writ petition is disposed of.
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Sd/-
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MURALI PURUSHOTHAMAN
JUDGE
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sp
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## **`APPENDIX`**
## **`PETITIONER’S EXHIBITS :-`**
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EXHIBIT P1
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THE TRUE COPY OF THE LAND TAX RECEIPT
DATED 24/05/2023 ISSUED BY THE VILLAGE
OFFICER, MALLAPPALLY FOR THE PERIOD 2023-
2024 TO SRI.BINU R.S. AND SRI.GEORGE
KOSHY
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- **`EXHIBIT P2 THE TRUE COPY OF THE POSSESSION CERTIFICATE NO:78002242 DATED 24/05/2023 IN RESPECT OF THE PROPERTY ISSUED BY THE VILLAGE OFFICER, MALLAPPALLY TO SRI.BINU R.S. AND SRI.GEORGE KOSHY`**
- **`EXHIBIT P3 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER NO:1/355098/2023 DATED 05/05/2023 ISSUED BY THE DIRECTOR OF MINING AND GEOLOGY, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM TO THE PETITIONER`**
- **`EXHIBIT P4 THE TRUE COPY OF THE SURVEY MAP IN RESPECT OF THE PROPERTY ISSUED BY THE DISTRICT GEOLOGIST, PATHANAMTHITTA TO THE PETITIONER`**
- **`EXHIBIT P5 THE TRUE COPY OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE NO:22/Q/2022 DATED 11/07/2022 ISSUED BY THE SEIAA, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM TO THE PETITIONER`**
- **`EXHIBIT P6 THE TRUE COPY OF THE CONSENT NO:KSPCB/PT/ICO/10014083/2023 DATED 26/06/2023 ISSUED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEER, KERALA STATE POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD, PATHANAMTHITTA TO THE PETITIONER`**
- **`EXHIBIT P7 THE TRUE COPY OF THE LE-3 LICENSE NO:E/SC/KL/22/1083(E53808) DATED 10/08/2023 FROM THE JOINT CONTROLLER OF EXPLOSIVES, CHENNAI TO THE PETITIONER`**
- **`EXHIBIT P8 THE TRUE COPY OF THE DETAILS OF THE MAHENDRA BOLERO CITY VEHICLE BEARING REG.NO:KL-6-3H-7862`**
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W.P(C) No.34734/2023
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```
28
```
## **`EXHIBIT P9`**
```
THE TRUE COPY OF THE APPLICATION DATED
03/07/2023 SUBMITTED BY THE PETITIONER
BEFORE THE 1ST RESPONDENT
```
```
EXHIBIT P10THE TRUE COPY OF THE APPLICATION DATED
25/07/2023 SUBMITTED BY THE PETITIONER
BEFORE 1ST RESPONDENT
```
```
EXHIBIT P11THE TRUE COPY OF THE ACKNOWLEDGMENT DATED
25/07/2023 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT
TO THE PETITIONER
```
```
EXHIBIT P12THE TRUE COPY OF THE LETTER DATED
26/08/2023 ISSUED BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT
EXHIBIT P13THE TRUE COPY OF THE REPLY DATED
01/09/2023 SUBMITTED BY ME TO THE 1ST
RESPONDENT
```
## **`RESPONDENT’S EXHIBITS :-`**
```
EXHIBIT -R1(B)TRUE COPY OF RESOLUTION 5 OF 25/08/2023
THE DECISION ON ISSUING QUARRYING LICENCE
WAS POSTPONED FOR ENSURING THAT IF PROPER
SANITATION FACILITY FOR THE WORKERS AND
THE LORRY DRIVERS AT THE QUARRYING SITE
AND THE DECISION OF THE PANCHAYATH
COMMITTEE DATED 25/08/2023
```
```
EXHIBIT -R1(C)TRUE COPY OF THE COMMUNICATION TO THE
PETITIONER DATED 26/08/2023
EXHIBIT -R1(D)TRUE COPY OF THE COMPLALNT FLLED BY THE
RESIDENTS OF MALLAPPALLY GRANA PANCHAYATH
7TH WARD
```
```
EXHIBIT R1(A)TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 1ST
RESPONDENT TO THE PETITIONER DATED
9/08/2023
```
```
EXHIBIT -R1(E)TRUE COPY OF THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING
DATED 21/9/2023
```
```
EXHIBIT -R1(F)TRUE COPY OF RESOLUTION OF THE
MALLAPPALLY GRAMA PANCHAYATH DATED
23/09/2023
EXHIBIT -R1(G)TRUE COPY OF THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING
```
```
W.P(C) No.34734/2023
```
```
29
```
```
DATED 10/10/2023
EXHIBIT -R1(H)TRUE COPY OF THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING
DATED 16/10/2023
EXHIBIT -R1(I)TRUE COPY OF RESOLUTION NUMBER ONE OF
21/10/2023
```