Sudam Charan Dash v. State of Orissa

(2013] 10 S.C.R. 284 A ## SUDAM CHARAN DASH _V._ B STATE OF ORISSA & ANR. (Criminal Appeal No. 1862 of 2013) OCTOBER 25, 2013 **[RANJANA PRAKASH DESAI AND MADAN B. LOKUR,** J~.] _Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973_ - ss. _438 and 439_ - C _Scope and purport of_ - _Application for anticipatory bail_ - _Rejected by High Court but further direction issued by it to trial court to release respondent 2-accused on bail_ - _Propriety_ - _Held: After rejecting the prayer for anticipatory bail, the High Court should not have negated its own· order by directing that_ o _respondent 2 should be released on bail_ - _This_ is - _contradiction in terms It dilutes the order rejecting anticipatory bail_ - _Such order_ is _not legally sound and· overlooks the scope and purport of ss.438_ & _439 CrPC_ - _The Magistrate re.leased respondent 2 on bail solely on the_ **E** _ground that the High Court had issued such direction_ - _The_ - _Magistrate had no alternative but to do_ so _Thus, there_ was _no consideration of the application for bail filed by respondent_ - _2 on merits Order passed by Magistrate therefore .quashed_ - _Direction issued that if respondent 2 appears and_ **F** _surrenders before the Magistrate and prefers application for bail, the Magistrate shall decide his application on merits and in accordance with law._ **The appellant's son was murdered In a hotel.** It is **the appellant's case that the police did not investigate the G case properly. The appellant ultimately filed writ petition in the High Court. Subsequently, non-bailable warrant was issued against accused-respondent 2, by the Magistrate. Respondent 2 preferred application for anticipatory bail.** H 284 SUDAM CHARAN DASH _v._ STATE OF ORISSA 285 The High Court disposed of the application by the A impugned order. The Court observed that considering the nature of the allegations mac;le against respondent 2, it was not a fit case for grant of anticipatory bail, however, it gave direction that in the event respondent 2 surrenders before the Magistrate within four weeks and B moves an application for bail, he shall be released on bail on such terms and conditions as the Magistrate deems fit and proper. Pursuant to this direction, respondent 2 surrendered before the Magistrate and was released on bail. c Disposing of the appeal, the Court HELD: 1.1. When the High Court rejected the application for anticipatory bail, it was sufficient indication that the High Court thought it fit not to put a D fetter on the investigating agency's power to arrest respondent 2. In such a situation, the investigating agency, if it so desired and if it thought that the custodial interrogation of respondent 2 was necessary, could have arrested him. Therefore, after rejecting the prayer for E anticipatory bail, the High Court should not have negated its own order by directing that respondent 2 should be released on bail. This is contradiction in terms. It dilutes the order rejecting anticipatory bail. Such order is not legally sound. It overlooks the scope and purport of F Sections 438 and 439 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973~ Such orders put restriction on the power of the trial court to consider the bail application on merits and grant or reject prayer for bail. Such orders should never be passed. [Paras 3, 5) [287-E-G; 289-D] G > 1.2. The Magistrate released respondent 2 on bail solely on the ground that the High Court had issued the above mentioned direction. The Magistrate had no alternative but to do so. Thus, there was 110 consideration H . - ,~ . 286 SUPREME COURT REPORTS · [2013] 10 S.C.R. A of the application for bail filed by respondent2 on merits. The consequential order passed by the Magistrate is therefore quashed. In the circumstances, if respondent· 2,appears and surrenders before the Magistrate and prefers an application for bail, the Magistrate shall decide B respondent 2's application on merits and in accordance with law. [Para 7] [289-E·H] · _Rashrrii Rekha Thatoi_ & _Anr. v ._ . _State of_ Orissa & Ors. (2012) 5 sec 690:.2012 (5) SCR 674; _Gurbaksh Singh Sibbla v. State ·of Punjab_ (1980) 2 sec 565: 1980 (3) SCR. C 383 and _Savitri Agarwal v. State of Maharashtra_ (2009) 8 SCC 325! 2009 (10) SCR 978 - relied on.·. · · . D .. Case Law Reference: · . relied" cin .. 2012 (5) SCR _674 ·para 4 . . ' .. ,·''. · • 1980:(3) SCR 383 · ·.·relied on ·.Para 4 •. · .. 2009 (10) SCR 978 .·relied on Para 4_ ·. CRIMINALAPPELLA TE JURISDICTION : Criminal Appeal E No. 1862 of 2013. ' · · • · . . - . •, From the Judgment & Order dated 17.05.2013 of the High Court of Orissa in BLAPL No; 8671 of 2013. F . Aditya C.B,, Amarjit Singh Bedi, Avijit Patnaik for the Appellant.. ·. . · · · · · . R. Venkat Raman; Shiva]i . •' M. - - .. Jadhav for the Respondents. - - . ·' - - The .Judgment . of the Court was delivered by · · - - - ... G - (SMT.) RANJANA PRAKASH DESAI, j_ 1. leav~ granted . . 2. The ~ppellant's son - Rajib Da"s wa~ murdered on 5/1/ .. 2009 in a hotel. FIR was lodged fn respect thereof on 6/1/2009. H . SUDAM CHARAN DASH _v._ STATE OF ORISSA 287 [RANJANA PRAKASH DESAI, J.] PS Case No. 4 of 2009 was registered. It is the appellant's .A · · case that the police did 'not investigate the case properly. The appellant ultimately filed a writ petition in the Oriss~ High Court. Thereafter, the investigation gained momentum. On 3/1/2013, non-bailable warrant was issued against Mr. Sweekar Nayak, who is respondent 2, by the SDJM, Rayagada .. Respoiident, 2 8 preferred an application for anticipatory bail in the Orissa High · Court. The High Court disposed of the said application.by the. impugned order. We. notice.that in the impugned order, the High Court has made a categorical observation that considering the nature of the allegations made against respondent 2, it did not C · think it to be a fit case for grant of anticipatory bail. Surprisingly, · however, the High Court gave a. direction that in the event respondenf2 surrenders before the learned SDJM, Rayagada within four weeks and moves an application for bail, he shall be released on bail on such terms and conditions as the learned Magistrate deems· fit and proper. Pursuant to this · D direction, respondent 2 surrendered before the !_earned Magistrate and was released on bail on 11/06/2013~ · - . 3. We are surprised at the direction issued by the High Court to the trial court to release respondent 2 on bail. When E - the High Court rejected the application for anticipatory bail, it . was sufficient indication that the High Court thought it fit not to put a fetter on the investigating agency's power to· arrest . respondent 2. In such a situation, the investigating agency, if it so desired 'and if it thought that the custodial interrogation of F respondent 2 was necessary, could have arrested him. Therefore, after rejecting the prayer for anticipatorY bail, the High Court sho.uld not have negated its own order by directing that respondent 2 should .be released on bail..This is contradiction in terms, It dilutes the order· rejecting anticipato.ry . G . bail. Such order is not legally sound. It overlooks t.he scope and . · purport of Sections 438 and 439,of the Code of.Criminal Procedure, 1973. · _)_ 4. In a similar situation in _Rashmi Rekha Thatoi_ & _Anr. v._ H 288 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (2013] 10 S.C.R. - A _State of Orissa_ & _Ors.,_[1 ] this Court took a strong view of the matter and observed that such orders have no sanctity in law. Relevant observations of this Court could be quoted: - _"33. We have referred to the aforesaid pronouncements to highlight how the Constitution Bench in Gurbaksh_ - B _Singh Sibbia v. State of Punjab,_[2 ] _had analysed and explained the intrinsic underlying concepts under Section 438 of the Code, the nature of orders to_ be passed _while conferring the said privilege, the conditions that_ are _imposable and the discretions to be used by the courts._ - c _On a reading of the said authoritative pronouncement and the principles that have been culled out in Savitri_ . _Agarwal v. State of Maharashtra[3 ] there is remotely no indication that the Court of_ Session _or the High Court can pass an order that on surrendering of the accused before_ - D _the Magistrate he shall be released on bail on such terms and conditions as the teamed Magistrate may deem fit and proper or the superior court would impose conditions for grant of bail on such surrender. When the High Court in categorical terms has expressed the vie_w that it_ is _not_ - E _inclined to grant anticipatory bail to the petitioneraccused it could not have_ issued _such a direction which would tantamount to conferment of benefit by which the accused would_ be _in a position to avoid_ affest. _It is in clear violation of the language employed in the statutory_ - F · _provision and in flagrant violation of the dictum laid down in Gurbaksh Singh Sibbia and the principles culled out_ - . _in Savitri Agarwal"._ . · D The operative portion of the order passed in that case G reads·as follows: > _"Judging on the foundation of aforesaid well-settled_ 1. c2012) 5 sec 690. 2. (1980) 2 sec 565. H 3. c2oos> 1[s ][sec ][325. ] SUDAM CHARAN DASH _v._ STATE OF ORISSA 289 [RANJANA PRAKASH DESAI, J.] _principles, the irresistible conclusion_ is _that the_ A _impugned orders directing enlargement of bail of· the accused persons, namely, Uttam_ Das, _Abhimanyu_ Das _and Murlidhar Patra by the Magistrate on their surrendering are wholly unsustainable and bound to founder and accordingly the said directions are_ set _aside._ B _Consequently, the bail bonds of the aforenamed accused persons are cancelled and they shall be taken into custody forthwith. It needs no special emphasis to ·state that they are entitled to move applications for grant of bail under Section 439 of the Code which shall be_ c _considered on their own merits."_ 5. We respectfully agree with these observations. We also feel that such orders put restriction on the power of the trial court to consider the bail application on merits and grant or reject prayer for bail. We are of the opinion that such orders should D never be passed. 6. In the circumstances, we set aside the impugned order. > 7. We have perused the order passed by the SDJM, Rayagada granting bail to respondent 2 pursuant to the impugned order. Obviously, the SDJM released respondent 2 on bail solely on the ground that the High Court had issued the above mentioned direction. The SDJM had no alternative but to do so. Thus, there is no consideration o.f the application for bail filed by respondent 2 on merits. We, therefore, quash the consequential order dated 11/6/2013 passed by the SDJM, Rayagada. Ordinarily, we would have directed responderit 2 to surrender today. But, we refrain from giving any such direction. In the circumstances, if respondent 2 appears and surrend~rs before the SDJM, Rayagada on 29/10/2013 and prefers an application for bail, we direct the SDJM, Rayagada to decide respondent 2's application on merits and in accordance with law. The appellant may remain present in the court and oppose the bail application if he so desires. E F G H 290 ·SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2013] 10 S.C.R. , A B 8. We direct the Registry of/this Court to forward a copy of this judgment to the Chief Justice of the Orissa High Court. We request the Chief Justice of Orissa High Court to circulate a copy of this order to the learned Judges of the Orissa High Court. 9. The appeal is disposed of in the aforestated terms. 8.8.B. Appeal disposed of . . ' ..