State of Gujarat v. Panch of Nani Hamam's Pole & Ors.

A B # c D E F G H 872 STATE OF GUJARAT Vo PANCH OF NANI HAMAM'S POLE & ORS, DECEMBER 19, 1985 [D,P, MADON AND G,L, OZA, JJ,J Land Acquisition Act, 1894, s. 4 read with Rule l of the Bombay Rules as adopted by the State of Gujarat and s.9(3) 'Interested person [1 ] - Whether individual notice necessary Absence of individual notice - Whether proceedings invalid. Acquisitlon proceedings under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 in respect of the lands in possession of the respondents Nos. 2 and 3 were started and an award made. Respondents Nos. 2 and 3 filed a civil suit for declaration that the acquisition proceedings and the award pursuant thereto were illegal and for an injunction restraining defendants from taking possession. It was contended that no notice was given to t!lem under s.4 and 9(3) of the Act, that they were not aware of the land acquisition proceedings until their landlord told them that possession was to be handed over to the Government, that they were the tenants and had raised structures at their own costs and, therefore, in absence of individual notice to them the entire proceedings are vitiated, The appellant-State contested the suit alleging that the notification under s.4 was published in the Gazette, and that apart, this notification as well as notices under ss, 9 and 10 were also pasted on the site to be acquired and were also served on the persons known or believed to be interested in the land. The Trial Judge dismissed the suit holding that since the respondents had actual knowledge of the intended acquisition, failure to give individual notice under s,9(3) does not invalidate the acquisition proceedings. This order was confirmed by the First Appellate Court. In the Second Appeal by respondents, the High Court set aside the acquisition proceedings relying on its earlier decision in Aebo"'-r Gorc!Mnbhaf v. State of Qijarat & Ora. and holding that under s.4 of the Act read with Rule l of the rules framed by the State Government under s.55 of the Act, service of notice on parties interested in the land is not only obligatory but a condition precedent arA, therefore, the acquisition proceedings were bad and · granted injunction as prayed for, STATE v, PANCH OF NANI 873 ### In appeal to this Court by the State it was contended that the respondents had challenged the proceedings on two grounds: (i) that s.4 read with rule l of the Bombay Rules and adopted by the State of Gujarat require a personal notice of intention to acquire under s.4(1), and (ii) that under a.9(3) of the Act also individual notice is necessary; but in the present caae, after the award was made, the respondents accepting the award filed a suit against the landlord who was a party to the acquisition proceedings and obtained a decree for their share of the compenaation and, therefore, the objection under a.9(3) no longer survives, that the High Court in a subsequent decision in the case of Vuudev <>nmUal Pancholi y, State of Qajarat 8Dd Ora, held that individual notice under a.4(1) read with Rule l is not necessary, and, therefore, Bule l of the rules framed under s.55 could not go beyond the requireaent under s,4(1) and to that extent the rule :ts bad in law. Allowing the appeal, HELD _:_ There are no words in Bule l indicating a personal notice, What Rule l contemplates is a notice to the interested parties as required under s.4(1) and s.4(1) requires the notice to be notified at a convenient place in the locality for information of the interested parties, It is, therefore, clear ### that by reading s.4(1) with Rule l it could not be interpreted to mean that a personal notice to each and every interested person is the requirement of s.4 and in absence of such a notice the proceedings of acquisition will be invalidated. [877 E-{;j In the instant case, the procedure laid down in a.4(1) of ### the Act was followed and, therefore, it could not be said that the notice as contemplated under s.4(1) read with i!ul.e l was not ### given to parties interested and, therefore, it could not be held that the proceedings of acquisition are bad in law. [878 A-BJ Asboklwmar Gordbanbhai Vo State of Qajarat & Ors,, 10 Gujarat Law Beporter 503 overruled. Vaaudev Qumi!al Pancholi Vo State of Qajarat and Ors., 25(2) Gujarat Law Beporter 844 and Bai Helium etc. v. State of ## Qijarat & Ors., A.1.R. 1978 s.c. 515 approved. CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. l464(N) of 1972. A B # c D E F G H A B ### 874 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1985] SUPP. 3 s.c.R. From the Judgment and Order dated _8._ 7 .1970 of the Gujarat High Court in S,A, No. 45 of 1963. G.A. Shah, Girish Chandra, R,N, Poddar and C.V. Subba Rso for the Appellant. H.J. Zaveri for the Respondents. (Not present) The Judgment of the Court was delivered by OZA, J. This appeal is by special leave granted by this Court against the judgment o'f Gujarat High Court at Ahmedabad in Civil Second Appeal No. 45 of 1963. ## c Respondents Nos. 2 and 3 filed a suit No. 1476 of 1958 in the Court of Joint Civll Judge (Senior Division), Ahmedabad for declaration that the proceedings and award in land acquisition case No. L.A.Q. 1496 were illegal and for injunction restraining the defendants, the Panch of Nain llamam's Pole of Gujarat and the State of Gujarat from doing any act affecting the plaintiff's possession of Municipal Census Nos. 605 and 605/1 and Census Nos. D 1335 to 1337 of Shahpur Ward II and the superstructure standing thereon situsted in Nain llamam, Ahmedabad. These lands were acquired by acquisition proceedings under Land Acquisition Act, 1894. After Notifications under Section 4 and 6, the acquisition proceedings proceeded further for E determination of compensation and an award was made. The grievance made by Plaintiff/Respondents Nos.l and 2 was that no notice was given to them personally under Section 4 and Section 9(3) of the Land Acquisition Act and that they were not ### F aware of the Land acquisition proceedings till their landlord defendant ~o.l told them that possession of these lands were to be handed over to the Government on 22nd July, 1958, Their contention i& that they were the tenants of respondent No,l in respect of the acquired land and has raised structures thereupon at their own costs. Being the tenants in the lands acquired and being the occupants of the structures standing on the lands they G were entitled to individual notices under section 4(1) and 9(3) of the Act and in absence of such notices, the entire proceedings are vitiated. The present appellant, the State of Gujarat, in their H written statement pleaded that the notification under section 4 STATE V• PANCH OF NANI (OZA, J.] 875 apart from being published in the Gazette was pasted on the site and was served on the persons known or believed to be interested. Similarly notices under section 9 and 10 were also pasted on the site to be acquired and were also served on the persons known or believed to be interested in the land. The Trial Court held that as plaintiffs/respondents Nos.2 and 3 are persons interested in the acquired land were entitled to individual notices under Section 9(2) of the Act and no nctice was served on them as the acquisition authorities did not know that the plaintiffs/respondents are interested in the land as their names did not appear in ~he City Survey Records. The Trial Court further held that the plaintiffs/respondents had actual knowledge of the intended acquisition and as such failure to give individual notice does not invalidate the acquisition proceedings. The Trial Court therefore dismissed the suit. The plaintiffs/respondents preferred an appeal but the First Appellate Court maintained the judgment of the Trial Court and dismissed the appeal. The plaintiffs/respondents preferred a second appeal to the High Court and raised the same contentions. The High Court upheld the contentions and set aside the acquisition proceedings. The High Court placing reliance on the earlier decision of the High court in **Asholdwmar** **Gordhanbhai** **v.** **State** **of** **Gujarat** **&** **Ors.,** 10 Gujarat Law Reporter 503 held that under section 4 of the Land Acquisition Act read with Rule 1 of the rules framed by the State Government under Section 55 of the Act, service of notice on parties interested in the land is not only obligatory but a condition precedent and therefore on this count ### held the acqtlisition proceedings to be bad and it also granted injunction restraining the State Government from interfering with the possession of the plaintiffs of the property. The High Court refused the certificate under Art. 133 and therefore this appeal has been preferred after obtaining a certificate from this Court. Learned counsel appearing for the State contended that the respondents/plaintiffs challenged the proceedings on two grounds; (i) on the ground that Section 4 read with Rule 1 of the Gujarat rules require a personal notice of intention to acquire under Section 4(1); (ii) the proceedings were also challenged on the ground that under Section 9(3) of the Land Acquisition Act also the plaintiffs/respondents are entitled to individual notice. **But** **it** **was** **contended** **by** **learned** **counsel** **that** **so** **far** **as** **objection** under Section 9(3) is concerned it would only invalidate the **award, but** **in** **the** **present** **case** **as** **after** **the** **award** **was** **made,** **the** plaintiffs/respondents accepting the award filed a suit against A B ## c D E F G H ### 876 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1985] SUPP, 3 s.c.R A the landlord who was a party to the acquisition proceedings and obtained a decree for his share of the compensation. That having been done the question of objection under section 9(3) now is no longer of any consequence. He, therefore, contended that the only question which deserves consideration in this appeal is about the notice under section 4 to the plaintiffs/respondents in view of B Rule 1 of the rules framed under section 55 of the Land Acquisition Act which are known as Bombay Rules adopted by the State of Gujarat. It was contended that following the decision of the Gujarat High Court in **Asboklwmar** **Gordhanbhai** **v.** **State** **of** **Gujarat** **&** **Ors.,** Gujarat High court, in the present case held that as notices to # c the plaintiff sf respondents were not served as required in Rule 1 ### the proceedings of acquisition are invalidated. tut it was contended by the learned counsel that this view was not followed by Gujarat High Court in a subsequent decision in **Vaaudev** **Qumilal** **Pancholi** **v.** **State** **of** **Gujarat 8lld** Ors., 25(2) Gujarat Law Reporter 844, In this decision, the High Court following the decision in **Bai** **llalimabu** **etc.** **v.** **State** **of** **Gujarat** & Ors., A. I.R. D 1978 S,C, 515, held that individual notice under section 4(1) read with Rule 1 is not necessary. It was therefore contended that Rule l of the rules framed under section 55 could not go beyond that requirements under section 4(1) and to that extent the rule is bad in law. It was therefore contended that the High Court has committed an error in decreeing the suit filed by E plaintiffs/respondents. ### Section 4(1) of the Land Acquisition Act as it stood at the relevant time reads as under : "4, Publication of preliminary notification and powers ### F of officers thereupon. -(1) whenever it appears to the appropriate Government that land in anY locality is needed or is likely to be needed for any public purpose, a notification to that effect shall be published in the Official Gazette and the Collector shall cause public notice of the substance of such _G_ notification to be given at convenient places in the said locality." This provision contemplates the notification to be published in the Official Gazette indicating the intention of the State ### Government of acquisition for a public purpose and it further H requires that the collector shall cause a public notice of the S!All v. PANCR OF NANI [OZA, J,] 877 substance of such notification to be given at a convenient place A in the same locality. The purpose of this second part of section, of giving a notice by the Collector by notifying it at a convenient place in the locality appears lo be to intimate the persons affected by the acquisition. Rule 1 which is 'relevant for consideration reads as under : "(!)whenever sny notification under section 4 of the Act hes been published but the provisions of the section 17 have not been applied and the Collector has under the provisions of Section 4(1) issued notices to the parties interested; and on or before the last day B fixed by the Collector in those notices in this behalf C any objection is lodged under e·.rtion 5-A (2), firstly, the Collector shall record the objection in his proceedings, Secondly, the Collector shall consider whether the objection is admissible according to these Rules". The relevant words in this Rule are: "Collector has under the provisions of section 4(1) issued notices to the parties interested;". It is these words on the basis of which, in the impugned judgment, the Righ Court felt that a personal notice to **the** **persons** **interested** **is** **mandatory proviS:ion and** **in** **absence** **of** D such a notice the proceedings of acquisition will be invalidated. E **In** **fact** **there** **are** **no** **words** **in** **this** **rule** **indicating** **a** **personal** notice. What has been indicated is that the Collector has issued **notice** **to** **the** **parties** **interested** **under** **provisions** **of** **section** 4(1), Section 4(1) quoted above indicates the manner in which a notice will be given to the parties interested. And that is by getting a public notice having the substance of the notification **given** **at** **a convenient place** **in** **the** **said** **locality.** **Therefore,** **what** **F** **Rule l contemplates** **is** **a** **notice** **to** **the** **interested** **parties** **as** required under section 4(1) and section 4(1) requires the notice to be notified at a convenient place in the said locality for **information** **of** **the** **interesi:ed** **parties ..** **It** **is,** **therefore,** **clear** ### that by reading section 4(1) with -Rule 1 it could not be **interpreted** **to** **mean** **that** **a** **personal** **notice** **to** **each** **and** **every** **G** interested person is the requirement of section 4 and in absence of such a notice the proceedings of acquisition will be invalidated. The Righ Court in the impugned judgment placing reliance on Ashokkumar Gonlhanhhaf v. State of Gujarat & Ors., (supra) came to the conclusion that as such an individual notice **was** **served** **in** **the** **present** **case,** **the** **proceedings** **of** **acquisition** are bad in law. As discussed earlier, reading of section 4(1) H 878 SUPREl'JE COURT REPORTS (1985] SUPP. 3 s.c.R A with Rule l does not provide for an individual notice but only **requires** **a** **notice** **as** **contemplated under** **section** **4(1)** **to** **the** **interested** **persons.** **The** **manner** **in** **which** **the** **notice** **is** **to** **be** **given** is provided in sec~ion 4(1) itself by publication of the **substance** **of** **the** **notification** **at** **a** **convenient** **place** **in** **the** locality. It is not in dispute that such a procedure was followed ### B and thereforo it could not be said that the notice as contempla ted under section 4 (l) ·read with Rule l was not given to parties interested and therefore it could not be held that the proceedings of acquisition are bad in law. 1he High Court therefore was **in** **error** **and** **the view taken could not** **be** **maintained.** In **Bai** **Malimabu** etc. v. **State** **of** **Gujarat** **and** **Ors.** this Court C while considering the language of Rule 30-E of the Gujarat Rules which is n.ore or less similar to Rule **l** quoted above took the **view** **as** **under:** "hr. tiagarasheth then submitted that no special notice was given to the appellants of the notification under section 4(1) as required by the Gujarat Rules, the _0_ objections filed by the appellant under section 5-A were not properly inquired into and heard•· the State Government did not give any opportunity to them to make their submissions vis-a-vis the report submitted hy the Collector, and the aforesaid infirmities vitiated the declaration under section 6 of the Act. E The high Court has rightly held that no special notice was necessary to be given to the appellants in regard to the notification under section 4(1), Our attention was drawn to the alleged Rule 30-B of the Gujarat Rules in support of the contention that such notice **was** **necessary** **to** **be** **issued** **to** **the** **parties** **interested.** F There is no such requirement in the said Rule. It merely pre-supposes that the Collector has issued notices to the parties interested under section 4(1), **The** **requirement** **of** **the** **section** **is** **giving** **of** **a** **general** notice and by two methods (l) by publication of the notification in the Official Gazette and (2) causing G public notice of the substance of such notification to be given at convenient places in the locality. The **appellants** **do** **not contend** **that** **there** **was** **no** **compliance** **with** **the** **requiren:ents** **aforesaid.** **Proper** **inquiry** **was** held under section 5-A of the Act and full opportunity was given to the appellants. It was not the requireH ment of the law to give any further opportunity after STATE v. PANCH OF NANI [OZA, J.] 879 **a** **report** **was** **made** **to** **the** **State** **Government.** **It** **is** **the** **function** **of** **the** **State** **Government** **to** **consider** **the** **report** **of** **the** **Collector** **and** **proceed** **further** **in** **the** **matter** **as** **they** **think** **fit** **and** **proper** **to** **do.** **[11 ]** A B In the light of the discussion above, therefore, the appeal is allowed with costs and the judgment and decree passed _by_ the High Court in Civil Second Appeal No. 45 of 1963 are set aside and the said second Appeal is dismissed. There will be no order ### as to costs throughout. Security amount deposited shall be c refunded to the appellant. **A.P.J.** Appeal allowed.