Seema C.M. v. State of Kerala and Others

## **IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM** ## **PRESENT** ## **THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ANIL K.NARENDRAN** **MONDAY, THE 01ST DAY OF JULY 2019 / 10TH ASHADHA, 1941** ## **WP(C).No.25548 OF 2017(P)** ## **PETITIONER:** **SEEMA C.M.** **W/O.RAJEEV K.V., AGED 34 YEARS, SOUPARNIKA NIVAS, CHELORA, MOWANCHERY P.O., KANNUR-670613.** **BY ADV. SRI.SAJEEV KUMAR K.GOPAL** ## **RESPONDENTS:** - **1 STATE OF KERALA REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT, MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT, GOVERNMENT SECRETARIAT, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM-695001.** - **2 THE TRANSPORT COMMISSIONER TRANS TOWERS, VAZHUTHACAD, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM-695001.** - **3 THE REGIONAL TRANSPORT AUTHORITY VADAKARA, REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY-673101.** - **4 THE SECRETARY REGIONAL TRANSPORT AUTHORITY,VADAKARA-673101.** - **5 THE KERALA STATE ROAD TRANSPORT CORPORATION REPRESENTED BY ITS CHAIRMAN AND MANAGING DIRECTOR, TRANSPORT BHAVAN, PATTOM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM-695023.** **R1, R5 BY ADV. SRI.P.C.CHACKO, SC, KERALA STATE ROAD TRANSPORT CORPN.** **SRI. PAUL ABRAHAM VAKKANAL SR GP.** **THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING BEEN FINALLY HEARD ON 01.07.2019, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:** 2 WP(C)25548 OF 2017 ## **JUDGMENT** The petitioner is the holder of Ext.P1 regular permit on the route Parassinikkadavu-Kannur-Kozhikode-Thrissur, in respect of stage carriage bearing registration No.KL-13/AG8188 and Ext.P3 regular permit on the route KannurKozhikode-Thrissur, in respect of stage carriage bearing registration No.KL-13/AH-3852, which had already expired. The applications for renewal of those permits are pending consideration. Exts.P2 and P4 are the temporary permits granted to the petitioner under Section 87(1)(d) of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 in respect of stage carriages bearing registration Nos.KL-13/AG-8188 and KL-13/AH-3852. The petitioner has filed this writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, seeking a writ of certiorari to quash Exts.P5, P6, P7 and P8; and an order directing the 4[th] respondent to issue temporary permits to the petitioner in respect of the stage carriages bearing registration Nos.KL13/AH-3852 and KL-13/AG-8188 on the routes KannurKozhikode-Thrissur and Parassinikkadavu-Kannur-Kozhikode- 3 WP(C)25548 OF 2017 Thrissur respectively in continuation of the existing temporary permits, untrammeled by Exts.P7 and P8. The further reliefs sought for are a declaration that Ext.P7 amendment brought to the Kerala Motor Vehicles Rules to the extent it prescribes a maximum distance of 140 kilometers for Ordinary Limited Stop Service is ultra vires to Section 71, 80, 96 and 212 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 and is in violation to Articles 14 and 19(1)(g) of the Constitution of India; and a declaration that Ext.P8 to the extent it stipulates that the maximum distance prescribed in Rule 2(oa) of the Kerala Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989 shall apply to the saved permits is illegal. 2. On 02.08.2017, when this writ petition came up for admission, this Court admitted the matter on file. The learned Government Pleader took notice for respondents 1 to 4. The learned Standing Counsel took notice for the 5[th] respondent. The learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that the petitioner is operating services on the strength of temporary permits issued to her. This Court granted an interim order to the effect that if the petitioner is operating services on the basis of temporary permits, status quo as on Exts.P5 and P6 4 WP(C)25548 OF 2017 shall be maintained and the applications, filed by the petitioner for re-issue of temporary permits, shall be considered, untrammeled by Exts.P7 and P8 notifications. 3. Heard the learned counsel for the petitioner, the learned Government Pleader appearing for respondents 1 to 4 and also the learned Standing Counsel for KSRTC, representing the 5[th] respondent. 4. The issue raised in this Writ Petition as to the challenge made against Ext.P7 Gazette notification dated 15.03.2017 and Ext.P8 Gazette notification dated 23.03.2017 is covered in favour of the petitioner by the judgment of the learned Single Judge in W.P.(C) No.11825 of 2017 and connected cases. The challenge made against that judgment by KSRTC ended in dismissal by the judgment dated 20.8.2018 in W.A.No.1098 of 2018 and connected cases, i.e., **Kerala** **State Road Transport Corporation v. Saju Varkey and others [2018 (4) KHC 617]** . Paragraphs 13 to 18 of the said judgment read thus: “13. On a consideration of the submissions made on this issue, we find that the law governing the formulation of 5 WP(C)25548 OF 2017 schemes is to be found in Sections 99 and 100 of the Motor Vehicles Act. The said provisions mandate that, if the State Government is of the opinion that, for the purpose of providing efficient, adequate, economical and properly guaranteed road transport services in relation to any area or route or operation thereto, these road transport services should be run and operated by the STU’s to the exclusion, either complete or partial, of private stage carriage operators, a proposal in the official gazette shall be published as provided under Section 99 of the Act. Objections to the said proposal will be invited before the State Government under Section 100, and after considering the objections and after affording an opportunity to the objectors or their representatives, and the representatives of the STU, the State government may approve or modify such proposals. The same procedure is followed for the purposes of modifying an existing scheme, as seen from Section 102. 14. The provisions of Sections 99, 100 and 102 indicate that the procedure to be followed, while introducing a scheme, or modifying an existing one, is one that is designed to ensure transparency and fairness in a matter involving pre-existing rights of private transport operators. It follows, therefore, that there cannot be any finalization of a scheme, which is different from the one that was proposed, and in respect of which objections were invited. The introduction of a restrictive element (in the instant case, the stipulation that the maximum distance limit would apply to the saved permits), while 6 WP(C)25548 OF 2017 finalising a draft that did not contain such a stipulation has, therefore, to be seen as breaching the aforesaid statutory safeguard. A question arises, however, as to whether, in these cases, the petitioners had a pre-existing right, relatable to Ext.P5 scheme, to operate ordinary and OLS services without any restriction as regards distance? Although the learned counsel for the respondent KSRTC would vehemently contend that the said rights accrued to the private operators, not through Ext.P5 scheme, but only through Ext.P9 G.O., we are of the view that the rights/privileges granted to the petitioners through Ext.P9 G.O. cannot be seen as divorced from Ext.P5. 15. As already noted, Ext.P9 G.O. was issued in the wake of Ext.P7 scheme, that deprived private operators of their right to operate higher class of services in the State, and the rights granted through the G.O. were with a view to ameliorate their situation. The rights that they obtained, in respect of stage carriage operation, were pursuant to Ext.P5 scheme on notified routes and Ext.P9 G.O. for operation in the State. The modification proposed by the State, through Ext.P10 notification, was with a view to incorporate their rights, as obtained through Ext.P9 G.O., in Ext.P5 Scheme, through the modification procedure under Section 102. It is in this backdrop that we have to consider the pre-existing rights of the private transport operators, prior to the modification process. 16. Thus viewed, the conclusion is inescapable that, Ext.P10 draft scheme proposed to retain the rights obtained by the private operators through Ext.P9 G.O, 7 WP(C)25548 OF 2017 while modifying Ext.P5 Scheme, and while finalising the said draft scheme, the State Government could not have made the stipulation with regard to maximum distance applicable to the permits saved by Ext.P5 scheme. We therefore find in favour of the petitioners on the said issue and quash Clause (4) of Ext.P13 scheme that makes the maximum distance in Rule 2 (oa) of the KMV Rules applicable to the saved permits. _Re: Challenge to the amendment of the Rule_ 17. As regards the challenge in the writ petitions to the validity of the amendments brought about to the Kerala Motor Vehicle Rules through Ext.P12 notification, it needs to be noted that the contentions raised are more or less identical to those raised in respect of the challenge to the modified scheme. It is contended that, insofar as Rule 2 (oa), as amended, contained a stipulation of maximum distance of 140 km, in the definition of Ordinary Limited Stop Services, but this stipulation was not there in the draft Rule that was notified through Ext.P11 notification, the principles of natural justice, as envisaged in the statutory procedure, had been breached, thereby vitiating the amendment and rendering it invalid. Although, at first blush, it appeared to us that the same reasons that led to the quashing of the impugned clause in the modified scheme would lead us to hold the amended Rule also as invalid, we find on a closer scrutiny, that the right to operate ordinary and OLS services, without distance restrictions, was one that accrued to private operators affected by Exts.P5 and P7 schemes, in terms of the said 8 WP(C)25548 OF 2017 schemes, read with Ext.P9 G.O. In other words, there was no pre-existing right in the private operators, conferred under the MV Act and Rules, to operate an OLS service. 18. Such being the case, the draft amendment introduced, for the first time, a definition of Ordinary Limited Stop Service in the Rules. Although the definition contained in the draft notification did not stipulate a maximum distance, it is difficult to conceive of any objection that a private operator could have raised against the introduction of a new class of service for the first time. Similarly, the private operators could not have insisted that, the OLS service that was being introduced, had to be one without any stipulation as to maximum distance, for that would tantamount to dictating a policy to the State Government. Under the circumstances, we cannot accept the contention urged on behalf of the petitioners that, in introducing a stipulation as regards maximum distance, while finalising the draft Rules, the State Government had breached the statutory procedure. We also note that, as a matter of fact the State Government did consider the objections raised with regard to the stipulation, in the draft Rule, that the vehicle used for the OLS service could not be older than ten years from the date of registration, and removed the said stipulation from the definition of OLS service while notifying the amended Rule. We therefore reject the challenge to the validity of the amendment, and to Ext.P12 notification that notified the same. The writ petitions are thus partly allowed, quashing 9 WP(C)25548 OF 2017 clause (4) of Ext.P13 scheme, and repelling the challenge against Ext.P12 notification and the amendment notified thereunder.” (Underline supplied) 5. In the result, this writ petition is disposed of in terms of the law laid down by the Division Bench of this Court in **Saju Varkey's case (supra)** and by setting aside Exts.P5 and P6 notices dated 20.07.2017 of the 3[rd] respondent Regional Transport Authority and by directing the said authority to consider the applications for renewal of Exts.P1 and P3 regular permits, if pending consideration, taking note of the law laid down by the Division Bench of this Court in the decision referred to supra. A decision in this regard shall be taken, strictly in accordance with law, as expeditiously as possible, at any rate within a period of two months from the date of receipt of a certified copy of this judgment. Sd/- **ANIL K. NARENDRAN JUDGE** **yd** 10 WP(C)25548 OF 2017 ## **APPENDIX** ## **PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS:** **EXHIBIT P1 TRUE COPY OF THE REGULAR PERMIT IN RESPECT OF STAGE CARRIAGE KL-13-AG 8188.** **EXHIBIT P2 TRUE COPY OF THE TEMPORARY PERMIT IN RESPECT OF STAGE CARRIAGE KL-13-AG8188.** **EXHIBIT P3 TRUE COPY OF THE REGULAR PERMIT IN RESPECT OF STAGE CARRIAGE KL-13-AH3852.** - **EXHIBIT P4 TRUE COPY OF THE TEMPORARY PERMIT IN RESPECT OF STAGE CARRIAGE KL-13-AH3852.** **EXHIBIT P5 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT TO LIMIT THE ROUTE TO 140 KILOMETRE IN RESPECT OF STAGE CARRIAGE KL-13 AG-8188.** **EXHIBIT P6 TRUE COPY OF THE NOTICE ISSUED BY THE 2ND RESPONDENT TO LIMIT THE ROUTE TO 140 KILOMETRE IN RESPECT OF STAGE CARRIAGE KL-13 AH 3852. EXHIBIT P7 TRUE COPY OF THE GOVERNMENT ORDER VIDE G.O.(P) NO.6/2017/TRANS/DATED 15.03.2017. EXHIBIT P8 TRUE COPY OF THE GOVERNMENT ORDER VIDE G.O.(P) NO.8/2017/TRAN DATED 23.03.2017.** ## **RESPONDENT'S EXHIBITS:NIL** ## **TRUE COPY** ## **P.A. TO JUDGE**