Pravenkumar v. State of Kerala

## **IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM** ## **PRESENT** ## **THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ALEXANDER THOMAS** **THURSDAY, THE 29TH DAY OF AUGUST 2019 / 7TH BHADRA, 1941** ## **Crl.MC.No.4939 OF 2019(F)** **CRIME NO.670/2016 OF Poojappura Police Station , Thiruvananthapuram** ## **PETITIONER/S:** **PRAVENKUMAR, AGED 29 YEARS, S/O.BABU, RESIDING AT T.C.8/1289, GOKULAM, DEVI NAGAR, KUNDAMANKADAVU, THIRUMALA.P.O., THIRUVANANTHAPURAM** **BY ADVS. SRI.THIRUMALA P.K.MANI SRI.NAVEEN RADHAKRISHNAN** ## **RESPONDENT/S:** - **1 VICTIM** - **2 SUB INSPECTOR OF POLICE, POOJAPURA POLICE STATION, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM - 695 012** - **3 CIRCLE INSPECTOR OF POLICE, MUSEUM POLICE STATION, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM - 695 001** - **4 STATE OF KERALA, REPRESENTED BY ITS PUBLIC PROSECUTOR, HIGH COURT OF KERALA, ERNAKULAM - 682 031** - **R1 BY ADV. SRI.NIRMAL V NAIR** ## **OTHER PRESENT:** ## **SRI.T.R.RENJITH, PUBLIC PROSECUTOR FOR R2 TO R4** **THIS CRIMINAL MISC. CASE HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION ON 29.08.2019, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY PASSED THE FOLLOWING:** ## **ALEXANDER THOMAS, J.** ================== Crl.M.C.No. 4939 of 2019 ================== Dated this the 29[th] day of August, 2019 **O R D E R** The petitioner herein has been arrayed as the sole accused in the impugned Anx.A-1 FIR in Crime No.670/2016 of Thiruvananthapuram Poojappura Police Station, which has been registered for offences punishable under Sec376 of the I.P.C. on the basis of the FI statement given by the 1[st] respondent lady defacto complainant on 2.7.2016 at about 5.15 p.m. in respect of the alleged incidents, which happened for the period from 2.9.2015 to 2.3.2016. According to the petitioner, the abovesaid allegations raised in Anx. A-1 FIR are false and baseless and that the said allegations have been made by the 1[st] respondent only out of misunderstandings and only to put pressure on him to marry her, etc. That later, the 1[st] respondent realised that her action in making allegations as per Anx.A-1 is not correct and proper and now she has filed Anx. A-3 affidavit dated 4.2.2019 stating that the abovesaid allegations raised by her in the above FIS are factually incorrect and that the parties had earlier become Facebook friends and they did not have any other relationship beyond that and that she has no objection in quashment of the impugned criminal proceedings against the petitioner. Further that she is now married to one another Crl.M.C.4939/19 - : 3 :- man and that her marriage was solemnized on 15.8.2017 and that boy child aged 5 months has born to her in the said wedlock and that it is more in her interests that the impugned criminal proceedings are quashed, etc. 2. Heard Sri.Thirumala P.K.Mani, learned counsel appearing for the petitioner accused, Sri.Nirmal V.Nair, learned counsel appearing for R-1 lady defacto complainant and Sri. T.R.Renjith, learned Prosecutor appearing for respondents 2 to 5. 3. It is by now well established that criminal proceedings involving serious offences as the one as per Sec.376 of the I.P.C. (rape) may not be amenable for quashment under Sec.482 of the Cr.P.C., mainly on the ground of settlement between the parties. {see _**Shimbhu & Anr. v. State of Haryana**_ [2014 (13) SCC 318], _**Parbatbhai Aahir v. State of Gujarat**_ [ _(_ 2017) 9 SCC 641], _**Anita Maria Dias v. State of Maharashtra**_ [(2018) 3 SCC 290], _**Sebastian @ Solly v. State of Kerala**_ [2015 (1) KLJ 384, etc.}. 4. Sri.Thirumala P.K.Mani, learned counsel appearing for the petitioner would point out that though the petitioner had produced Anx.A-3 affidavit, the main contention of the petitioner is that even if it is assumed that the alleged incidents narrated in Anx. A-1 FIS are broadly true, still it is beyond any doubt that the alleged Crl.M.C.4939/19 - : 4 :- sexual incidents could have happened only on the basis of the consent between the parties and not otherwise and therefore the vital ingredients of the offence of rape as per Sec. 376 of the I.P.C. are not made out, etc. 5. At the outset it will be pertinent to refer to the legal position regarding the vital and substantial distinction between the forcible sexual intercourse of rape as per Sec.375/376 of the I.P.C. and consensual sexual relationship between the parties. It is also by now well established that there is a fine and substantial distinction between rape as understood in Sec.376 of the IPC and consensual sexual relationship between parties and this has been the subject matter of detailed consideration of various judgments of the Apex Court and various High Courts, including this Court. The said issue is the subject matter of a catena of rulings of the Apex Court in the decisions as in _**Uday v. State of Karnataka**_ [(2003) 4 SCC 46] and _**Deelip Singh @ Dilip Kumar v. State of Bihar**_ [(2005) 1 SCC 88], wherein it has been held that where the woman has voluntarily and consciously consented to have a sexual relationship with the accused, then her consent cannot be said to be in consequence of any misconception of fact as envisaged in Sec.90 of the IPC. In _**Dr.Dhruvaram Murlidhar Sonar v. The State of**_ Crl.M.C.4939/19 - : 5 :- _**Maharashtra & Ors.**_ [2019 (1) SCALE 64), the Apex Court has again highlighted about the substantial distinction between rape and consensual sexual relationship. In _**Shivshankar @ Shiva v. State**_ _**of Karnataka & another**_ (judgment dated 06.04.2018 of the Apex Court in Crl.Appeal No.504/2018), it has been held that is rather difficult to hold that the sexual intercourse in the course of a relationship, which was continued for several years is ‘rape’. In _**Dhruvaram Murlidhar Sonar’s**_ case (supra), the Apex Court has elucidated the principles in that regard and it has been laid down the clear distinction between rape and consensual sexual relationship and that the acknowledged consensual physical relationship between the parties would not constitute an offence under Sec.376 of the IPC. It has also been held that breach of promise to marry in such cases will not by itself lead to a scenario, whereby it can be held that the consent of the woman to have sexual relationship was obtained on the basis of misconception of facts as understood in Sec.90 of the IPC. 6. The facts of this case could now be examined in the light of the abovesaid well settled legal position regarding the substantial distinction between rape and consensual sexual relationship. The FIS in Anx. A-1 FIR has been produced at pages 20 to 22 of the paper book of the above Crl.M.C. The learned counsel for the petitioner and Crl.M.C.4939/19 - : 6 :- the learned Prosecutor have elaborately taken to this Court's attention to the contents in Anx. A-1 FIS and the other prosecution materials now available. The brief of the case put up by the 1[st] respondent lady defacto complainant in Anx. A-1 FIS given by her on 2.7.2016, is that she was then aged 22 years and that she had become acquainted with the petitioner accused through Facebook friendship and that the parties became close and intimate and that they started a love affair and this happened during the course of common training in computer course, which the parties had undergone and that the petitioner had invited her to his house on 15[th] April, 2015 and met his parents and later again she has gone to his house on a day in September, 2015 morning and at the time, only his aged grandmother was there and she had gone to the room of the petitioner on the first floor of the house and that the petitioner had sexual intercourse with her at that time and that though the 1[st] respondent had told him that she is prepared to have sexual relationship, only after the marriage between the parties, the petitioner had assured that he would marry her and that immediately after his younger sister's marriage, he would take steps for solemnization of the marriage between them and that it is on the basis of this assurance that she had agreed for the sexual relationship . Later, on 1.3.2016, they had gone to the house of Crl.M.C.4939/19 - : 7 :- a friend of the petitioner and they had sexual intercourse in that place. Later they had gone to a lodge in Thiruvananthapuram city and had sexual relationship on two or three times. Subsequently in April, 2016, she realised that she had become pregnant and thereafter the petitioner had lost interest in her and he had abandoned the marriage proposal and that the 1[st] respondent thereupon felt cheated and she has given the instant complaint to the Police by submitting Anx. A-1 FIS on 2.7.2016, which has led to the registration of the impugned Anx.A-1 FIR in Crime No.670/2016 of the Thiruvananthapuram Poojappura Police Station for the offence punishable under Sec. 376 of the I.P.C. 7. A complete and comprehensive reading of the abovesaid prosecution materials would make it clear that the parties were undergoing training course in computer programme and the parties had become acquainted with each other through Facebook friendship and later they started intense love affair, with the knowledge of both the families and the 1[st] respondent had gone to the house of the petitioner to visit his parents and later she had gone to his house on the day in question when none else other than his grand mother was there, and they had sexual relationship there on the assurance that the petitioner would marry her and later, on three or four occasions Crl.M.C.4939/19 - : 8 :- also the parties had sexual intercourse once in a house of the friend of the petitioner and later in a lodge in the Thiruvananthapuram city. The 1[st] respondent has no specific case that the petitioner had the clear intention to deceive her and that he had dishonest intention not to fulfill his promise to marry her even from the commencement of the relationship between the parties. This Court is not in a position to even remotely infer that a fraudulent intention could be imputed on the petitioner in the facts and circumstances of this case. The petitioner was then aged 25 years and the 1[st] respondent was then aged 22 years or so and both became acquainted with each other with Facebook media and a love affair was started between them and the 1[st] respondent had gone to the residence of the petitioner where they had sexual relationship on the assurance that the petitioner would marry her and later they had sexual relationships on three or four occasions, once in the house of the petitioner's friend and on two or three occasions in the lodge in Thiruvananthapuram city. In the said context, it is only to be inferred that both the parties were grown up adults and were fully capable of taking their own voluntary decisions and the said relationship can be said to have entered into by the 1[st] respondent and the petitioner only on the basis of their moral and ethical choices, as decided by them as grown up adults. Hence in the Crl.M.C.4939/19 - : 9 :- instant case, this Court has no hesitation to hold that since the parties are having a love affair and had sexual relationship on the basis of their voluntary conduct, though with the assurance that the petitioner would marry her, it cannot be contended that the consent of the lady defacto complainant was obtained on the basis of misconception of facts as envisaged in Sec.90 of the I.P.C. in the facts and circumstances of this case. No fraudulent intention or conduct could be attributed to the petitioner accused. In the light of the abovesaid well settled legal position, this Court is constrained to hold that even if it is assumed that the allegations in Anx. A-1 FIS are broadly true, then the sexual relationship could have happened only on the basis of the consent between the parties and not otherwise and therefore the vital ingredients of the offence of rape as per Sec. 376 of the I.P.C. are conspicuously absent in this case. Nor can it be said for a moment that the consent of the woman was obtained either by fraud or on the basis of misconception of facts as contemplated in Sec. 90 of the I.P.C. Over and above that it can be seen that the 1[st] respondent is now married to another person and is having a child as stated in Anx.A-3 affidavit and therefore it may be only interest of both parties, more particularly the 1[st] respondent that the impugned criminal proceedings are quashed. Crl.M.C.4939/19 - : 10 :- 8. Accordingly, it is ordered in the interest of justice that the impugned criminal proceedings at Anx.A-1 FIR in Crime No. 670/2016 of Thiruvananthapuram Poojappura Police Station, registered as against the petitioner accused and all further proceedings taken in pursuance thereof will stand quashed. The petitioner will produce certified copies of this order before the investigating officer concerned and the competent court below concerned. The office of the Advocate General will forward copy of this order to the investigating officer concerned for information. With these observations and directions, the above Criminal Miscellaneous Case stands finally disposed of. sdk+ Sd/- **ALEXANDER THOMAS, JUDGE** Crl.M.C.4939/19 - : 11 :- ## **APPENDIX** ## **PETITIONER'S/S EXHIBITS:** **ANNEXURE-A1 CERTIFIED COPY OF THE FIR NO. 670/2016 AND FIS DATED 02.07.2016 OF POOJAPPURA POLICE STATION, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM DISTRICT ANNEXURE - A2 TRUE PHOTOCOPY MEDICAL EXAMINATION REPORT DATED 02.07.2016 OF THE 1ST RESPONDENT ANNEXURE -A3 ORIGINAL AFFIDAVIT SWORN BY THE 1ST RESPONDENT ANNEXURE -A4 CERTIFIED COPY OF THE JUDGMENT DATED 28.03.2019 IN CRL.M.C.NO.974/2019 PASSED BY THE HON'BLE HIGH COURT OF KERALA**