Nirod Baran Banerjee v. Dy. Commissioner of Hazari Bagh

1043 NIROD BARAN BANERJEE _v._ DY. COMMISSIONER OF HAZARI BAGH _February_ 14, 1980 [S. MURTAZA FAZAL ALI AND A. D. KosHAL, JJ.] _New_ _Plea-A_ _point not taken either before the trial court_ _or_ _before the_ _!High_ _Court when the appeal_ _was_ _not_ _taken,,_ _cannot_ _be_ _allowed to_ _be_ _raised_ _for the_ _first_ _time either_ _in_ _the_ _Supren1e_ _Court_ _or_ _in_ _the application_ _given_ _he/ore the lligh Court for granting a certificate_ _of_ _fitness-Civil_ _Procedure_ _.,Code_ _Order VI Rule_ 8 _and Order_ _Vlll_ _Rule_ 2. In respect of the lands acquired by the State of Bihar, the appellant w315 awarded a sum of Rs. 9665-35 which along with sola.tium and other <:barges totalled to a sum of Rs. 20,23 Hi7. The appellant claimed a sum of· Rs. 2,80,000/- as the market value of the land acquired. Before the Distr,ict Magistrate could take up the hearing on a reference made under 1. 18 of the Land Acquisition Act, the matter was agreed by the parties to be referred to a Board of Arbitration consisting of three persons of whom one wa5 appointed by the appellant. The Board so constituted gave an award confirming the con1pensa.tion given by the Collector. The appellant moved the District Court for setting aside the award. The said application was diS!missed by the Court and an appeal to the High Court thereon was also dismissed. Thereafter, the appellant approached the High Court for -granting a certificate of fitness for appeal to the Supreme Court and it was .at that stage that for the first time the appellant raised the point tha.t the arbitration agreement was not in accordance with the provisions of Article 299 of the Constitution and that there being no arbitration agreement in the eye of la.w, the a\Vard was invalid and liable to be set aside. The High Court accepted the contention and granted leave as prayed for. Dismissing the appeal, the Court, HELD : 1. The question \Vhether or not there was an agreement which fulfilled the requirements of Art. 299 is not a pure question of law but is a <iuestion which depends on investigation of facts. [1046C] 2. ln view of the provision of Order VI Rule 8 and Order VIII Rule ' (If the Code of Civil Procedure, the appellant would be debarred from $ising a point for the first time before this Court or even before the High Court. It is well settled that no evidence can be looked into by the Court for which there is no foundation in the pleadings. [1047BJ In the instant case, the appellant cannot be allowed to raise the plea for the first time in the Supreme Court, in as much as : (a) the appellant contented himself by relying on the resolution by the Government, treated it as a -valid arbitration agreement and never raised the .question that the said resolution was hit by Art. 299 _ot_ the Constitution of India. [I047C] ##### 'A B ## c D E F G (b) he fully participated in the arbitration proceedings aad having taken the benefit of a decision by the Board in his favour made a complete somer- B ·sault only when the decision went against him, by taking the plea now under <ixrunination, which doublless required investigation of facts. [1047D] 1044 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1980) 2 s.c.R:. - **A** (c) Even that plea he took neither before the Additional Sub-Judge nor **in** **the High Court when the appeal** **was** **heard** **on** **merits** **but** **only** **for** **the--** **first** **time** **in** **the application which he gave for** **gr3nting** **leave to appeal** **to-** ..(" this Court. Had he raised the plea before the Trial Court that the arbitra**tion agreement** **was** **not** **in** **consonance** **with** **Art.** **299** **of** **the** **Constit11tion** **of** **India,** **the** **rrespondent** **may have been** **in** **a position** **to** **rebut** **the** **plea** **by** **produc-** **ing** **evidence** **a.nd** **circumstances to sho\v that** **an** **agreement for arbitration** **was** **g** authenticated in the form required by Art. 299 of the Cons.titution. [1047El, _Ka/yanpur Lime Works Ltd._ v. _State_ _of_ _Bihar and Anr.;_ [1954] S.C.R. _958_ @ 969; followed. Civil A ppcal No. 1105 of\., \ #### **c** **D** **E** **F** **G** **H** CIVIL APPELLATE JlTRISDICTION 1970. Appeal by Certificate from the Judgment and Order datea 13-5-1968 of the Patna High Court in Misc. Appeal No. 178 of 1963. _Dr._ _Y._ _S._ _Chitale,_ _K._ _N._ _Choubey_ and _B._ _P._ _Singh_ for the Appelial!t. _Lal Narain Sinha Attorney General_ and S. _N._ _!ha_ for the Respondent. 1 he Judgment of the Court was delivered by FAZAL ALI, J.-This appeal by certificate is directed against a judgment of the Patna High Court dated 13-5-1968 dismissing the appeal filed by the appellant before the High Court. The case arose out of land acquisition proceedings taken by the Government in respect of the land in dispute which comprised 84.31 acres. On 21-9-1980, the Collector by his award allowed a compensation of Rs. 9666.35 which along with solatium and other charges totalled to a sum of Rs. 20,231.67. The appellant claimed Rs. 2,80,000/- as the market value of the land acquired. On 11-10-1960, a reference was made to the District Judge under S. 18 of the Land Acquisition Act. Before the District Judge couldtake up the proceedings for hearing, the matter was agreed by the parties, to be referred to a Board of Arbitrators consisting of three persons of whom ane was appointed by the appellant Accordingly, a joint petition for referring the case to the arbitrator was made on 19-12-1961 and on the next day, dated 20-12-1961 the case was referred for arbitration to the Board. On 22-5-1962. the Board gave an award confirming the compensation given by the Collector. Having thus lost his case before the Board, the appellant moved the District Court for setting aside the award. His application was dismissed by the Additional Sub-Judge to whom # ~ ' '· N. B. BANERJEE _V._ DY. COMMISSIONER _(Fawl Ali, J.)_ I 045 the case was transferred in the meantime and hence an appeal was tiled by him before the High Court which was also dismissed. Thereaftet; the appellant approached the High Court for granting a certificate of fitness for appeal to this Court and it was at that stage that for the first time he raised the point that the arbitration agreement was not in accordance with the provisions of Article 299 of the Constitution and that thus there being no arbitration agreement in the eye of law, the award was invalid and liable to be set aside. The High Court appears to have been impressed by the point raised before it and granted leave as prayed for. Hence this appeal before us. Dr. Y. S. Chitale, learned counsel appearing for the appellant submitted that on the admitted facts there was no separate arbitration agreement, that the resolution of the Government incorporating the agreement of both the parties that the matter be referred to the Board ot Arbitrators would be deemed to be the arbitration agreement, that the resolution not having been authenticated in accordance with the provisions of Article 299 of the Constitution of India was invalid and that therefore the award which followed it would also be invalid. . In support of his argument the learned counsel relied on a decision of this Court in the case of _Mulamchand_ v. _State_ _o.1_ _Madhya_ _Pradesh(')_ where this Court while considering the scope and the ##### ambit of Article 299 observed as follows : "It was held by this Court that the provisions of s. 175(3) were mandatory and the contracts were therefore void and not binding on the Union of India which were not liable for damages for breach of the contracts. The same principle was reiterated by this Court in a later case_State of West_ _Bengal_ v. _M/s._ _B._ _K._ _Monda/ and Sons_ [19621 1 Supp. SCR 876. The principle is that 1he provision of s. 175 (3) of the Government of India Act, 1935 or the corresponding provisions of Art. 299 (1) of the Constitution of India are mandatory in character and the contra. verition of these provisions nullifies the contracts and makes them void. There is no question of estoppel or ratification of such a case." It was argued by Dr. Chitale that in view of the constitutional provisions of Art. 299, this Court held that the agreement was void, and that there could be no estoppel against a statute or constitutional rrovisions. To the same effect are the decisions in _Laliteshwarl_ (ll [t96SJ 3 s.c.R.. 214, 22t. A B #### c D E F G, H **A** **B** .I #### **c** **D** **E** **F** **G** **H** 1046 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1980] 2 S.C.R. _Prasad_ _Sa hi_ Y. _Baseshwar Prasad_ & _Ors.(')_ and _Bihar Eastern_ _Gangetic Fisherman Co-operative Society Ltd._ v. _Sipahi Singh and_ _Ors.(')._ Great reliance was placed by the learned counsel for the appellant on the decision of this Court in _The Marine Cooled (Bengal)_ _P._ _Ltd._ _v._ _Union_ _of India(')_ which was also a case of an arbitration agreem~nt. The Attorney General while Pcpelling the arguments of the appellant submitted that there can be no dispute with the propositions laid down by this Court regarding the interpretation of Art. 299 of the Constitution of India but that the question whether or not there was an agreement which fulfilled the requircmcn ts of Art. 299 is not a pure question of law but is a question which depends on investigation of facts. He added that as the appellant did not plead this point either before the Trial Court or before the High Court when the appeal was heard on merits the appellant cannot be allowed to raise it for the first time either in this Court or in his application given before the High Court for granting a certificate of fitness. It was argued by the Attorney General that if the point had been pleaded at the initial stage, the respondent might have been in a position to show that an agreement conforming to the provisions of Art. 299 of the Constitution of India existed. We am of the opinion that the contention raised by the Attorney General is sound and must prevail. In the case of _Kalyanpur Lime Works Ltd._ v. _State_ _of_ _B1har_ _and_ _Another(')_ a similar situation arose and this Court refused to entertain the point relating to the applicability of s. 30 of tho Government of India Act 1915 which corresponds to Art. 299 of the Constitution ors. 175(3) of the Government of India Act, on the ground that the party concerned did not raise the same in their pleadings. In this connection this Court observed ##### as follows : "The first question which arises in this connection is whether the contract was to be executed by a formal document or whether it could be spelt out from the correspondence in which the negotiations were carried on by the parties. We do not think it necessary to go into this question, for assuming that a. formal document was necessary, the plea of secti0n 30, it is to be noted, was not raised in the pleadings. Objection is taken on behalf of the ::ippellant that (1) [1966] 2 S.C.R. 63, 70. (2) [1978] I S.C.R. 375, 381. (3) [1964) 2 S.C.R. 859. (4) [1954] S.C.R. 958. @ 969. N. B. BANERJEE _v._ DY. COMMISSIONER _(FazaJ_ _Ali,!.)_ 1047 the point not having been raised in the written statement it was not incumbent npon the plaintiff to show that the ,contract was executed according to the provisions of section 30, before it could be specifically enforced and reliance was placed upon the provisions of order VI, rule 8, and Order VIII, rule 2 of the Civil Procedure Code." This Court pointed out that in view of the provisions of Order VI Rule 8 and Order VIII Rule 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure, the appellant would be debarred from raising the point for the first time before this Court or even before the High Court. The facts of the present case appear to be on all fours with facts of the case in the decision cited above. In the instant case also, the appe11ant contented himself by relying on the resolution by the Government, treated it as a valid arbitration agreement and never raised the question that the said resolution was hit by Art. 299 of the Constitution of India. On the other hand, the appellant fully participated in the arbitration proceedings and having taken the benefit of a decision by the Board in his favour made a complete somarsault only when the decision went against him, by taking the plea now under examination, which doubtless required investigation of facts. Even that plea too he took neither before the Additional Sub-Jrndge nor in the High Court when the appeal was heard on merits but only fer the first time in the application which he gave for granting leave to appeal to this Court. In. these circumstances it is manifest that if the appellant had raised the plea before the Trial Court that the arbitration agreement was not in consonance with Art. 299 of the Constitution of India, the ~espondent may have been in a position to rebut the plea by producing ,evidence and circumstances to show that an agreement for arbitration was authenticated in the form required by Art. 299 of the Con ~titution. It is well settled that no evidence can be looked into by the Court for which there is no foundation in the pleadings. We <:annot therefore allow the appellant to raise the plea for the first time in this Court a'nd the High Court also ought not to have entertained it at the stage of the application for a certificate of fitness to be granted for leave to appeal to this Court. No other point was pleaded before us. B ### c D E F G The appeal fails and is accordingly dismissed. In the circumstances of this case however, there will be no order as to costs. V.D.K. _Appeal dismissed._ H