M.V. Syamsundar v. City Commissioner of Police, Kozhikode City; Station House Officer, Nallalam Police Station, Kozhikode District; Addl. R3 (M.T. Rajesh)

## **IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM** ## **PRESENT** ## **THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE K.HARIPAL** **TUESDAY, THE 22[ND] DAY OF MARCH 2022 / 1ST CHAITHRA, 1944** ## **WP(C) NO. 27883 OF 2020** ## **PETITIONER/S:** ## **M.V.SYAMSUNDAR** **AGED 58 YEARS** **S/O. MANTHAMPATT VASUDEVAN, NALINAM HOUSE, VALAYANAD,** **MANKAV** U P.O., KOZHIKODE DISTRICT **BY ADVS.** **BABU S. NAIR** **SMT.SMITHA BABU** ## **RESPONDENT/S:** - **1 THE CITY COMMISSIONER OF POLICE KOZHIKODE CITY, KOZHIKODE DISTRICT** - **2 THE STATION HOUSE OFFICER, NALLALAM POLICE STATION, KOZHIKODE DISTRICT** - **3 ADDL. R3:** ## **M.T.RAJESH** **AGED 56 YEARS, S/O LATE M.T BABU, VRINDAVANAM, NEAR MODERN BUS STOP,POST KOLATHARA,KOZHIKODE-673655** **(IMPLEADED AS ADDL. R3 AS PER ORDER DATED 04/02/2022 IN IA 1/2021)** **BY ADVS.** **R.SUDHISH** - **M.MANJU** **SR.PP - SRI. HRITHWIK C.S.** **THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION ON 04.02.2022, THE COURT ON 22.03.2022 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:** W.P(C).27883/2020 2 ## **JUDGMENT** This is a writ petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India seeking a writ in the nature of mandamus or any other appropriate writ, order or direction commanding the respondents to register a crime under Section 154 of the Code of Criminal Procedure on the basis of Exts.P5 and P6 complaints lodged by the petitioner and to investigate the same in accordance with law. 2. It is the admitted position that the additional 3[rd] respondent is the brother-in-law of the petitioner. Late Malayathodi Babu who died on 16.03.2018 had four children, the additional 3[rd] respondent and three female children by name Rajani, Rajeswari and Rameswari. Rameswari, the wife of the petitioner died on 17.05.2001; petitioner and Rameswari have two children, a son and a daughter. The grievance of the petitioner is that the said Babu had died leaving behind lot of properties, after the death of Babu entire properties have been taken to the exclusive possession of the additional 3[rd] respondent under the guise that he had executed Ext.P3 Will Deed by which entire properties were bequeathed to him to the exclusion of the three female children. While so, Rajani filed a suit for partition before the Munsiff's Court, Kozhikode as O.S.928/2019 seeking partition of the properties in which the additional 3[rd] respondent and W.P(C).27883/2020 3 children of the petitioner are parties. The suit is being defended by the petitioner as power of attorney holder of his children. It is evident that the suit is being defended by the additional 3[rd] respondent as one of the defendants highlighting Ext.P3 Will. In other words, he has opposed the prayer for partition stating that entire properties have devolved on him by virtue of the Will. But according to the petitioner and his children and others, Ext.P3 is a forged and fabricated document so that he approached respondents 1 and 2 with Exts.P4 and P5 representations alleging that the counter petitioners, i.e. the accused therein have committed offence under Sections 120B, 406, 420, 468, 471 read with 34 of the IPC. Accused in the complaint are the additional 3[rd] respondent, his wife, mother and one Damodaran. Now the matter is also no more. But the police maintained that the matter is civil in nature and now the dispute is pending before the Munsiff's Court so that the parties were directed to redress their grievance through the court. 3. The petitioner contends that the stand taken by the police is illegal and that made him to approach this Court seeking the aforestated reliefs. 4. I heard the learned counsel for the petitioner, the learned Senior Public Prosecutor and the learned counsel for the additional 3[rd] respondent. W.P(C).27883/2020 4 5. Relying on the decision reported in **Lalita Kumari v. Government of Uttar Pradesh and others [(2014) 2 SCC 1]** the learned counsel submitted that when information about the commission of a cognizable offence is related to the police, they have no other option but to register the crime and commence investigation. But, that has been denied to the petitioner. Relying on the decision reported in **Iqbal Singh Marwah and another v. Meenakshi Marwah and another [AIR 2005 SC 2119]** the learned counsel pointed out that the offence was committed before the commencement of the proceedings in the Munsiff's Court and if only such offences are committed in custodia legis, the bar under Section 195(1)(b)(ii) of the Cr.P.C. will be attracted. Therefore, the learned counsel wanted a writ in the nature of mandamus to be issued against respondents 1 and 2 to register a crime and to commence investigation on the complaint preferred by him. 6. On the other hand, the learned Senior Public Prosecutor opposed the application. According to him, the matter is purely civil in nature, the parties have already approached the civil court, it is for that Court to pronounce on the genuineness of the document. Relying on the decision reported in **Aleque Padamsee and others v. Union of India and others [2007 (3) KHC 315],** the learned counsel for the additional 3[rd] W.P(C).27883/2020 5 respondent pointed out that such a direction cannot be issued by this Court, it is beyond the jurisdiction of this Court. 7. As noticed earlier, the petitioner and additional 3[rd] respondent are now at loggerheads on devolution of certain items of properties left behind by Babu, the father-in-law of the petitioner. The petitioner has a case that his children being the legal representatives of his late wife, are entitled to get a share in the property. It seems that Rajani and Rameswari, the two sisters of his late wife also are of the same view. The said Rajani has instituted a suit for partition of the properties as though the father had died intestate, which has been opposed by the additional 3[rd] respondent contending that the father had died after executing Ext.P3 Will bequeathing the properties in his favour so that the items of properties are not partible. This is the bone of contention between the parties. 8. The decision reported in **Lalita Kumari,** quoted supra, has been rendered in the background whether a preliminary enquiry will be warranted whenever information about the commission of a cognizable offence is related to the police. On the other hand, there are clear dictums laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court that whenever the inaction of the police is noticed, it is not the look out of the court exercising jurisdiction under Article 226 to direct the police to register crime and commence W.P(C).27883/2020 6 investigation. This has been reiterated in various decisions. In **Aleque Padamsee** , quoted supra, as rightly pointed out by the learned Senior Public Prosecutor, it has been reiterated that if any person is aggrieved by the inaction of the police officials in registering the FIR, the modalities contained in Section 190 read with 200 of the Cr.P.C. will have to be adopted and observed. This has been reiterated by the Apex Court in various subsequent decisions also. In a judgment rendered by a threeJudge bench of the Apex Court in **Subramaniam M. and another v. S. Janaki and another [2020 KHC 6313]** the Supreme Court has virtually contemned the action of the Madhura Bench of the Madras High Court in issuing such a direction to the police. In various other cases also the Supreme Court has held in unambiguous terms that it is not within the realm of the High Court to direct the police in such cases. If there is any complaint regarding the inaction on the part of the police, efficacious remedies are available under the Cr.P.C. itself. That being the position, it is not known as to how this Court can issue a positive direction as prayed for. 9. Moreover, as rightly pointed out by the learned counsel for the respondents, the question whether Ext.P3 is a fabricated document is now before the civil court. While considering the prayer for partibility or otherwise of the properties left behind by Babu, genuineness or otherwise W.P(C).27883/2020 7 of the document has to be considered and pronounced by the civil court. Pending adjudication of such a disputed question of fact, it is not appropriate to direct the police to commence investigation and to form an opinion about it. In that way, it is not appropriate for this Court also to give any positive direction to the police to conduct investigation in this aspect. Of course the petitioner may have a case that Ext.P3 is created prior to the institution of the suit and not when the suit is pending. But it is for the civil court to pronounce on the correctness of the rival contentions of the parties to the suit. 10. On these considerations, I have no doubt that it is not appropriate for this Court to issue a writ in the nature of mandamus as prayed for. The stand taken by respondents 1 and 2 cannot be found fault with. The writ petition is devoid of merits and is dismissed. No costs. 11. But it is made clear that, if a complaint is preferred by the petitioner before the jurisdictional Court, the matter shall be dealt with by the learned Magistrate untrammelled by the observations made hereabove, which were solely for disposing of this Writ Petition. Sd/- **K.HARIPAL JUDGE** okb/19.3.22 //True copy// P.S. to Judge W.P(C).27883/2020 8 ## **APPENDIX OF WP(C) 27883/2020** PETITIONER EXHIBITS |EXHIBIT P1|TRUE COPY OF THE COMPLAINT GIVEN BY THE| |---|---| ||SISTERS IN LAW OF THE PETITIONER BEFORE THE| ||2ND RESPONDENT DATED 2.8.2018| |EXHIBIT P2|TRUE COPY OF THE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ISSUED BY| ||THE 2ND RESPONDENT DATED 2.8.2018| |EXHIBIT P3|TRUE COPY OF THE DOCUMENT PRODUCED BY ONE| ||RAJESH I NOS NO.928/19 OF MUNSIFF COURT-II,| ||KOZHIKKODE| |EXHIBIT P4|TRUE COPY OF THE COUNTER STATEMENT FILED BY| ||THE PETITIONER BEFORE THE MUNSIFF COURT-II,| ||KOZHIKKODE IN OS NO.928/2019 DATED, 24.8.2020| |EXHIBIT P5|TRUE COPY OF THE COMPLAINT PREFERRED BY THE| ||PETITIONER BEFORE THE FIRST RESPONDENT DATED,| ||4.11.2020| |EXHIBIT P6|TRUE COPY OF THE COMPLAINT PREFERRED BY THE| ||PETITIONER BEFORE THE 2ND RESPONDENT DATED,| ||9.11.2020| |EXHIBIT P7|TRUE COPY OF THE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ISSUED BY| ||THE 2ND RESPONDENT DATED 9.11.2020|