M/S. LOHIA SHEET PRODUCTS v. COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS, NEW DELHI

[2008] 3 S.C.R. 948 A # M/S. LOHIA SHEET PRODUCTS II. ' COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS, NEW DELHI (Civil Appeal No. 2411 of 2002) B ## MARCH 5, 2008 [ASHOK BHAN AND J.M. PANCHAL, JJ.] - - _Customs Tariff Act, 1975 s.3 Levy of additional duty equal to excise duty-Assessee importing copper/brass waste[Benefit of exemption ][from ][duty under ][the ]_ c _[and ][scrap ]_[-] - - _Notification/Tariff Heading Entitlement of Assessing Authorities as well as tribunal holding that only copper/brass waste and scrap generated in the factory of production entitled_ - - _to the benefit Held: Not sustainable Assessee satisfied all_ D _[the ][conditions ][of ][Entry ]_[7 ] _[4. ][04 ][as ][they ][had ][used ][copper/brass ] waste and scrap within the factory of production for manufacture_ - _Entry nowhere uses word 'generated' or 'imported'_ - _Assessee paid amount equivalent to excise duty at the time of import of waste or scrap- Mere fact that goods were imported[Intention ][behind ][grant ][of ]_ E _[would ][not ][make ][any ][difference ]_[-] - _exemption is to prevent double payment of duty Thus, assessee entitled to benefit of Notification_ - _Notification No._ - - _8196 CE dated 23. 7.1996 Central Excise Tariff Act, 1985 Tariff Heading_ 7 _404. 10._ F Appellants imported copper/brass waste and scrap for use in the manufacture of handicrafts. They claimed benefit of exemption from duty under the Notification No. 8/96-CE dated 23.07.1996. However, they paid the duty on the scrap Imported under protest and filed refund claim. G[Authorities below and the tribunal rejected the refund ] claim. The tribunal held that the copper waste and scrap used by the appellants had been imported and not generated in the factory of production, thus the appellants were not entitled to exempti~n Notification. Hence the . t ' .... f ,,.. r ' H 948 M/S. LOHIA SHEET PRODUCTS _v._ COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS, NEW D.ELHI 949 A ) t y ~ > 1 ' ## present appeals. ## Allowing the appeals, the Court + HELD: 1.1 The explanation to the sub-section (1) of Section 3 of the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 clarifies the expression, 'the excise duty for the time being leviable 8 on a like article if produced or manufactured in India' used in the said section to mean the excise duty for the time being in force which would be leviable on a like article if produced or manufactured in India. It further clarifies that if a like article is not so produced or manufactured which c in turn clarifies that for the purpose of levy of additional duty actual production or manufacture of like article is not necessary. [Para 14] [955-0, E, F] 1.2 The sum and substance of the Entry 7 4.04 is that if a manufacturer uses copper waste and scrap within the D factory of production for the manufacture of unrefined or unwrought c.opper, copper sheets or circles and handicrafts, then it would be entitled to the exemption under the impugned notification. In the instant case, the appellants satisfied all the three conditions as they had E used the copper/brass waste and/or scrap within the factory of production, and for the manufacture of handicrafts. The entry nowhere uses the word 'generated' or 'imported'. The condition that only that scrap would be entitled to exemption which has been generated in the F factory of production is, therefore, unwarranted and unsustainable. The word, 'within' occurs after the word, 'used'. The assessing authority as well as the tribunal have arrived at the finding that only that scrap/waste of copper would be entitled to the exemption which had been generated in the same factory because of the word, G 'within' used in the heading 74.04. According to them, the word, 'within' pre-supposes thaf the copper waste and scrap was generated in the same factory. The entry cannot be read in the manner as suggested by the Revenue. [Para 15] [955-F, G, H; 956-A, B, C] H G [2008) 3 S.C.R. SUPREME COURT REPORTS 950 t l A 1.3 The test laid down by the tribunal that the benefit _<_ of the notification/tariff heading would be admissible to only that copper waste and scrap which is generated in the factory of production and not the imported waste and scrap, is not supported either by the text of the exemption 8 notification, heading 74.04 or any other authority. [Para 16) [956-D] ## A 1.4 In the instant case, an amount equivalent to the excise duty had been paid by the appellants at the time of import on the waste and scrap. Mere fact that the goods C were imported would not make any difference. The intention behind the grant of exemption under the notification was to prevent the duty being paid at two stages. If the benefit of the notification is not given to the appellants it would mean double payment of duty. D [Para 17] [957-A, BJ _Hyerabad Industries Ltd. v. Union of India_ 1999 (108) ELT 321 (SC) - followed. { 1.5 The order of the Tribunal as well as that of the E authorities below is set aside and it is held that the appellants would be entitled to the benefit of the exemption notification no.8/96-CE dated 23.07 .1996 and consequently to the refund of the duty already paid in accordance with law. [Para 18) [958-F, G] F _Thermax Pvt. Ltd. v. Commissioner of Customs_ 1992 (61) ELT 352 (SC) - referred to. r CIVILAPPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 2411 of 2002. G From the final Order No. 547/2001-8 dated 11/12/2001 of the Customs, Excise & Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal, New Delhi in Appeal No.C/383/2001-8. WITH H Civil Appeal No. 2416 of 2002. M/S. LOHIA SHEET PRODUCTS _v._ COMMISSIONER 951 OF CUSTOMS, NEW DELHI [ASHOK BHAN, J.] B : ' Rupesh Kumar (for Tara Chandra Sharma) for the A Appellant. I. Venkatanarayana, Binu Tamta and B. Krishna Prasad for the Respondent. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by **ASHOK BHAN,** J. 1. The appellants have filed these appeals under Section 130-E of the Customs Act, 1962 against the Final Order No.547-548 of 2001-B dated 11th December 2001 passed by the Customs, Excise & Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal [for short, 'the Tribunal'], New Delhi whereby the Tribunal C has rejected the appeals filed by the appellants and held that the appellants had not satisfied the conditions for availing the benefit of the Notification No.8/96-CE dated 23rd July 1996 on the ground that the copper waste and scrap used by the appellants had been imported and had not been generated in D the factory of production. 2. The issue involved in these appeals is as to whether the scrap imported by the appellants is chargeable to 'NIL' rate of additional customs duty under Section 3 of the Customs Tariff E Act 1975. . 3. The facts of the case, in brief, are enumerated hereinbelow. 4. In the year 1996-97, the appellants imported copper/ brass waste and scrap for use in the manufacture of handicrafts F and filed bills of entry and claimed benefit under Exemption Notification No.8/96-CE dated 23rd July 1996. In order to avoid unnecessary delay and demurrage, the appellants paid the duty · under protest and filed refund claim before the Asst. Commissioner, ICD, Tughlakabad. G G 5. Department questioned the refund claim of the appellants by issuing notice dated 1 oth September 1998 to show cause as to why their refund claim be not rejected as the Tariff Heading 7 404.10 would be applicable to the waste which was generated H SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2008] 3 S.C.R. 952 A during the process of production only in the factory and then used in the same factory of production for the manufacture of unrefined or unwrought copper, copper sheets or circles and handicrafts and hence, the imported goods fall outside the purview of exemption under Central Excise Tariff Heading B 7404.10. Despite the opportunity of personal hearing having been given to the appellants, no one appeared before the Asstt. _(_ t Commissioner (Refund) who, having gone through the record and the facts of the case rejected the claim of the C appellants by an order dated 15th October 1998 by observing thus: " ..... The tariff heading 7404.10 exempts waste and scraps which is generated during the process of production in the factory and then used in the same factory of production for the manufacture of unrefined or unwrought copper, copper sheets or circles and handicraft. Therefore; there is no substance and legal force in the claimant's contention that the brass/copper scrap imported by them is covered under Chapter Heading 7 404.10 and is exempted from payment of CVD. Hence, the duty has been charged and paid correctly in the case under reference and there is no question of incidence of any refund. The refund claim therefore merits rejection." o· E F 6. This finding arrived at in the order in original was confirmed by the Commissioner of Customs (Appeals) by an order dated 13th June 2001. Being aggrieved, the appellants filed appeal before the Tribunal which has been dismissed by the impugned order, holding that the condition of the notification G of the Tariff Heading 7404.10 had not been satisfied by the appellants as the copper waste and scrap had been imported by the appellants from foreign country and the same had not been generated in the factory of the appellants. Hence, this · appeal. F 7. Relevant portion of Section 3 of the Customs Tariff Act H M/S. LOHIA SHEET PRODUCTS _v._ COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS, NEW DELl-jl [ASHOK BHAN, J.] 953 A 1975 provides as under : "3. Levy of additional duty equal to excise duty.-(1) Any article which is imported into India shall, in addition, be liable to a duty (hereafter in this section referred to as the additional duty) equal to the excise duty for the time being 8 leviable on a like article if produced or manufactured in India and if such excise duty on a like article is leviable at any percentage of Jts value, the additional. duty to which the imported article shall be so liable shall be calculated at that percentage of the value of the imported article. C C Provided ........ . _Explanation.-_ In this section, the expression "the excise duty for the time being leviable on a like article if produced or manufactured in India" means the excise duty for the D time being in force which would be leviable on a like article if produced or manufactured in India, or, if a like article is not so produced or manufactured, which would be leviable on the class or description of articles to which the imported article belongs, and where such duty is leviable at differer:it E rates, the highest duty." 8. In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of Section 5A of the Central Excise Act 1944, the Central Government, in public interest, exempted goods specified fn column. (3) of the Table annexed to the notification and falling F within the Chapter, Heading No. or sub-heading No. of the Schedule to the Central Excise Tariff Act, 1985, specified in the corresponding entry in column (2) of the said Table, from so much of the duty of excise leviable thereon which is specified in the said Schedule, as is in excess of the amount calculated at G the rate specified in the corresponding entry in column (4) of the said Table, subject to the conditions, if any, laid down in the corresponding entry in column (5) thereof or as mentioned in the said column (5) and specified below the said Table. Entry 74.04 in the said Table reads thus : H F . [2008] 3 S.C.R. SUPREME COURT REPORTS 954 ~ |"Refe-<br>rence<br>No.|Chapter<br>Heading<br>No.or<br>Sub-<br>heading<br>No.|Descriptionofgoods|Rate| |---|---|---|---| |(1)|(2)|(3)|(4)| ||74.04|Copperwasteand<br>scrapusedwithinthe<br>factory ofproduction<br>forthemanufactureof<br>unrefinedorunwrought<br>copper,coppersheets<br>orcirclesandhandicrafts."|Nil| **==> picture [5 x 7] intentionally omitted <==** **----- Start of picture text -----**<br> (<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br> 9. Authorities below and the Tribunal have denied the relief to the appellants holding that the exemption notification is not applicable to the appellants. 10. Counsel for the appellants has contended that mere E fact that the goods were imported would not make any difference; that the intention of the Legislature was to grant exemption under the notification so as to prevent duty being paid at two stages. In the present case, as the appellants have paid an amount equivalent to the excise duty at the time of import of the waste F and scrap, they could not be asked to pay the countervailing duty; that if the benefit of the notification is not given to the appellants, it would mean double payment of duty which goes contrary to the law laid down by a Constitution Bench decision of this Court in the case of _Hyderabad Industries Ltd. v. Union_ G _of India_ 1999(108) ELT 321 (SC). According to the counsel for the appellants the Tribunal committed an error in restricting the scope of the impugned notification to the copper/brass waste generated in the factory of production for the manufacture of unrefined or unwrought copper, copper sheets or circles and H handicrafts and thereby rejecting the appellants' claim for refund _'f_ ) .. M/S. LOHIA SHEET PRODUCTS _v._ COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS, NEW DELHI [ASHOK BHAN, J.] 955 simply because they had imported the said waste/scrap and A then used it within the factory of production for the manufacture of final product. 11. As against this, counsel for the respondent contended that the phrase, 'within the factory of production' pre-supposes that only that waste and scrap is exempted from payment of B duty which is generated and then used within the factory of ... . production and since in the present case the waste and/or scrap had been imported from abroad, it cannot be said that it is being used in the factory of production. 12. Counsel for the parties have been heard. c 13. Admitted facts are that the appellants had imported copper/brass waste and/or scrap. They had used the Imported waste and scrap in the manufacture of handicrafts; had paid duty on the Imported copper waste and scrap. The only dispute is whether they are required to pay countervailing duty under D Section 3(1) of the Customs Tariff Act. 14. The explanation to the sub-section (1) of Section 3 . clarifies the expression, "the excise duty for the time being levlable on a like article If produced or manufactured in India" E used In the said Section to mean the excise duty for the time being in force which would be levlable on a like article if produced or manufactured In India. It further clarifies that if a like article Is not so produced or manufactured which in turn clarifies that for the purpose of levy of additional duty actual production or manufacture of like article Is not necessary. · F F 15. Entry 74.04 can be divided into three parts, viz., (i) copper waste and scrap: (ii) used within the factory of proc.luctlon: and (Iii) for the ml:lnufacture of unrefined or unwrought copper. copper sheets or circles i:ind handicraft§, The sum and suost~mce of the! entry. in our opinl!'>n, is that if a miinufacturE!r uses copper G waste iind $Qr<iP within the factory of production for the manufacture of unrefined or unwrought copper. copper sheets or circles 1rnd handicrafts. then it would Ile entitled to the l:lxemption under the! Impugned notification. In the present cC1se .. the appellants satisfy C!!I the three conditions C!S they had used H SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2008] 3 S.C.R. 956 A the copper/brass waste and/or scrap within the factory of production, and for the manufacture of handicrafts. The entry nowhere uses the word 'generated' or 'imported'. The condition that only that scrap would be entitled to exemption which has been generated in the factory of production is, therefore, B[unwarranted ][and ][unsustainable. ][The ][word, ]['within' ][occurs ][after ] the word, 'used'. The assessing authority as well as the Tribunal have arrived at the finding that only that scrap/waste of copper would be entitled to the exemption which had been generated in the same factory because of the word, 'within' used in the c[heading ][74.04. ][According ][to ][them, ][the ][word, ]['within' ][pre-] supposes that the copper waste and scrap was generated in the same factory. We are unable to read the entry in the manner as suggested by the Revenue. _(_ t 16. The test laid down by the Tribunal that the benefit of D the notification/tariff heading would be admissible to only that copper waste and scrap which is generated in the factory of • production and not the imported waste and scrap, is not supported either by the text of the exemption notification, heading 74.04 or any other authority. E 17. This Court in the case of _Thermax Pvt. Ltd. v. Commissioner of_ Customs 1992 (61) ELT 352 (SC) has held that since the concession under Rule 192 turns only on the nature and use to which the goods are put by the user or purchaser thereof and whether he has gone through the procedure outlined F in Chapter· X, it would not be correct to deny it to a supplier of such goods on the ground that he was an importer and not a manufacturer. In other words, this Court stated in specific terms that one has to forget that the goods are imported, imagine that the importer had manufactured the goods in India, determine G the amount of excise duty that he would have been called upon to pay in that event. The decision of the Tribunal that the assessee could not get a refund because the procedure of Chapter X of the Rules is inapplicable to importers as such was held to be wrong. It was further held that the benefit of the H[exemption ][or ][concession ][should ][be ][granted ][wherever ][the ] ~ _'i_ ~[.. ] 957 M/S. LOHIA SHEET PRODUCTS _v._ COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS, NEW DELHI [ASHOK BHAN, J.] ~ " > ·~ '· ~ .. ~ " r intended use of the material can be established by the importer A or by other evidence. In the present case, it is a matter of fact that duty was paid by the appellant at the time of import of waste or scrap. Mere fact that the goods were imported would not make any difference. The intention behind the grant of exemption under the notification was to prevent the duty being paid at two B stages. In the present case, an amount equivalent to the excise duty had been paid by the appellants at the time of import on the waste and scrap. If the benefit of the notification is not given to the appellants it would mean double payment of duty which goes contrary to the law laid down by the decision of the Constitution c Bench of this Court in the case of _Hyderabad Industries Ltd._ (supra). This Court in the said judgment held as under: · "10. Section 3(1) of the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 provides for levy of an additional duty. The duty is, in other words, in addition to the customs duty leviable under Section 12 D of the Customs Act read with Section 2 of the Customs Tariff Act. Secondly this duty is leviable at a rate equal to the excise duty for the time being leviable on a like article to the one which is imported if produced or manufactured in India. The explanation to this sub-section expands the E meaning of the expression _"the excise duty for the time being leviable on_ a _like article if produced or manufactured in India"._ The explanation to Section 3 has two limbs. The first limb clarifies that the duty chargeable under sub-section (1) would be the excise duty for the F time being leviable on a like article if produced or . manufactured in India. The condition precedent for levy of additional duty thus contemplated by the explanation is that the article is produced or manufactured in India. The second limb to the explanation deals with a situation where G ''a like article _is not so produced_ or manufactured". The use of the word "so" implies that the production or manufacture referred to in the second limb is relatable to the use of that expression in the first limb which is of a like article being produced of (sic) manufactured in India. H SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2008) 3 S.C.R. 958 A ., B c o· E F 11. The words "if produced or manufactured in India" does not mean that the like article should be actually produced or manufactured in India. As per the explanation if an Imported article Is one which has been manufactured or produced then It must be presumed, for the purpose of Section 3(1 ), that such article can likewise be manufactured or produced in India. For the purpose of attracting additional duty under Section 3 on the import of a manufactured or produced article the actual manufacture or production of a like article in India is not necessary. As observed by this Court in _Thermax Private Limited_ v. _Collector of Customs, Bombay_ [1992(61) E.L.T. 352 (S.C.) _=_ [1992] 4 SCC 440] at page 452-453 that Section 3(1) of the Customs Tariff Act "specifically mandates that the CVD will be equal to the excise duty for the time being leviable on a like article if produced or manufactured In India. In other words, we have to forget that the goods are imported, Imagine that the Importer had manufactured the goods in India and determine the amount of excise duty that he would have been called upon to pay In that event." To our mind the genesis of Section 3(1) of Customs Tariff Act has been brought out in the aforesaid observations of this Court, namely, for the purpose of saying what amount, If any, of additional duty Is leviable under Section 3(1) of the Customs Tariff Act, it has to be imagined that the articles imported had been manufactured or produced In India and then to see what amount of excise duty was levlable thereon." _'(_ > ~ ' .. _"(_ i 18. For the reasons stated above, we accept these appeals, set aside the order of the Tribunal as well as that of the authorities below and It Is held that the appellants would be a entitled to the benefit of the exemption notification no.8/96-CE dated 23th July 1996 and consequently to the refund of the duty already paid In accordance with law. "- No costs. H[N.J. ] ## Appeals allowed.