Kumud w/o Mahadeorao Salunke v. Shri Pandurang Narayan Gandhewar Through LRs. & Ors.

941 [2019] 7 S.C.R. 941 KUMUD W/O MAHADEORAO SALUNKE A v. SHRI PANDURANG NARAYAN GANDHEWAR THROUGH LRS. & ORS. (Civil Appeal No. 4873 of 2019) B MAY 10, 2019 ## **[UDAY UMESH LALIT AND INDU MALHOTRA, JJ.]** _C.P. and Berar Letting of Houses and Rent Control Order, 1949 – Maharashtra Slum Areas (Improvement, Clearance and Redevelopment) Act, 1971 – s.22 – Transfer of Property Act, 1882 – s.108 – Appellant-landlord sought permission to evict the respondent – Slum Authority granted the permission – Appeal preferred by the respondent, was dismissed by the Appellate Authority – After securing permission from the slum Authority, a civil suit was filed by the appellant seeking eviction of the respondent – Suit was dismissed by the trial court – However, regular civil appeal was allowed by the Appellate Court – Decree passed by the Appellate Court attained finality – In the meantime, respondent filed writ petition challenging the permission granted by the Slum Authority as confirmed by the Appellate Authority – Writ petition was allowed by the High Court – On appeal, held: The Slum Authority granted the permission to evict the respondent – In appeal, matter was dismissed by the Appellate Authority – Thereafter, civil suit seeking eviction also attained finality – In the circumstances, there was no reason for the High Court to interfere in its jurisdiction u/Art.227 of the Constitution as the respondent had opportunity at every stage to present his case and whether the requirements of s.22(4) of the Act, 1971 stood satisfied or not was a matter which was dealt with by the Appellate Authority in sufficient detail – Thus, judgment and order of the Appellate Authority restored – Maharashtra Rent Control Act, 1989._ C D E F G ## **Allowing the appeal, the Court** **HELD: 1. In Vidarbha part of the State of Maharashtra, before the enactment of Maharashtra Rent Control Act, 1989, there had to be two rounds of litigation to seek eviction of a tenant.** H 941 942 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2019] 7 S.C.R. - A **The first round had to be before the Rent Controller seeking permission to issue a quit notice under Section 108 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882. If such permission was granted, then only the landlord could issue a notice of termination of tenancy and file a civil suit seeking eviction of a tenant. In the present case the first round before the Rent Controller was gone into. Bona** - B **fide need as a ground for eviction may, in a given case, have an additional facet of comparative hardship and whether the tenant has any alternative accommodation or not. In any case, the matter had attained finality. The permission was granted by the Rent Controller and the civil suit was filed only thereafter in which an** - C **objection was taken that the premises being governed by the provisions of the Act, the requisite permission of the Slum Authority was mandatory. [Para 8] [945-C-F]** **2. In the proceedings so initiated the Slum Authority granted** **that permission. The matter was carried in appeal and the issue** D **whether the requirements under Section 22(4) of the Maharashtra Slum Areas (Improvement, Clearance and Re-development) Act, 1971 stood satisfied or not was also considered by the Appellate Authority. It must also be noted that the Civil Suit seeking eviction also attained finality. [Para 9] [945-F-G]** E **3. In the circumstances, the view that weighed with the High Court was not correct. The respondent had opportunity at every stage to present his case and whether the requirements of Section 22(4) of the Act, 1971 stood satisfied or not was a matter which was dealt with by the Appellate Authority in sufficient detail. In the circumstances there was no reason for the High Court to** F **interfere in its jurisdiction under Article 227 of the Constitution of India.[Para 10] [945-G-H; 946-A]** CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 4873 of 2019. G From the Judgment and Order dated 19.06.2014 of the High Court of Judicature at Bombay, Nagpur Bench, Nagpur in Writ Petition No. 2199 of 2003. Dr. A. Rajeev B. Masodkar, Ms. Anuradha Mutatkar, Advs. for the Appellant. H > KUMUD W/O MAHADEORAO SALUNKE v. SHRI PANDURANG 943 NARAYAN GANDHEWAR THR. LRS. Kishor Lambat, M/S. Lambat And Associates, Advs. for the A Respondents. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by **UDAY UMESH LALIT, J.** 1. Leave granted. 2. This appeal arises out of Judgment and Order dated 19.06.2014 passed by the High Court of Judicature at Bombay, Nagpur Bench, Nagpur in Writ Petition No.2199 of 2003. 3. The appellant, landlord of the premises in question sought permission of the Rent Controller under the provisions of C.P. and Berar Letting of Houses and Rent Control Order, 1949 seeking eviction of the respondent on the grounds that he bona fide required the premises and that the respondent was habitual defaulter in paying rent to the appellant. After the Rent controller granted the permission, the appellant terminated the tenancy by issuing notice under Section 108 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882. Thereafter, he filed Civil Suit No.334 of 1996 seeking eviction of the respondent. However, an objection was taken by the respondent that the premises were governed by the Maharashtra Slum Areas (Improvement, clearance and Re-development) Act, 1971 (hereinafter referred to as, ‘the Act’) and as such the requisite permission of the Slum Authority under Section 22 had to be obtained. The suit was therefore withdrawn by the appellant, and application was preferred by him before the Slum Authority seeking required permission. 4. The Slum Authority vide its order dated 28.11.2000 granted the permission. In an appeal arising therefrom, an order of remand was passed by the Appellate Authority. The matter was gone into by the Slum Authority afresh and by its order dated 30.05.2002 the permission was granted to the appellant to file the suit for eviction. The appeal preferred by the respondent challenging the order passed by the Slum Authority was dismissed by the Appellate Authority on 31.10.2002 after giving opportunity to the parties and after scrutinising the material on record. While considering the submission made on behalf of the respondent as regards alternative accommodation, it was observed by the Appellate Authority as under: “5-4. U/s 22 (4) of Maharashtra Slum (Improvement & Redevelopment Act, 1971 the competent authority should have seen that whether the alternative accommodation is available to the occupied within his means it does not mean that the competent B C D E F G H 944 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2019] 7 S.C.R. A B C Authority should search the accommodation. The wife of appellant as in service in mentioned in para 15 of written notes of arguments. Under the circumstances whether alternative accommodation is available and can be made available, the burden of proof lies with the appellant. However, the appellant failed to prove the same and hence there is no substance in the point. 6. On the basis of above discussion and verifying the record of lower court and provisions of Maharashtra Slum (Improvement & Re-development) Act, 1971, therefore I come to the conclusion that no substantial proof is presented by the appellant to interfere with the finding of lower court & hence I pass the following order. ## ORDER The appeal is rejected and the order passed by lower court dt.30[th] May, 2002 is confirmed.” 5. Having secured the permission from the Slum Authority, Civil D Suit No.113 of 2003 was filed by the appellant seeking decree of eviction of the respondent. The suit was however dismissed by the Trial Court on 27.09.2007. Regular Civil Appeal No.444 of 2007 arising therefrom was allowed by the Appellate Court and by its judgment and order dated 17.08.2010 it passed decree for eviction of the respondent and also passed E order as regards payment of arrears. It is undisputed that the decree passed by the Appellate Court was not challenged in any manner and has attained finality. 6. In the meantime, Writ Petition No.2199 of 2003 was filed by the respondent challenging the permission granted by the Slum Authority as confirmed by the Appellate Authority vide its order dated 31.10.2002. F This Writ Petition was allowed by the High Court by its judgment and order dated 19.06.2014. It was observed that the Slum Authority had not considered the relevant factors enumerated in Clauses (a) to (c) of Section 22(4) of the Slum Act, 1971 and consideration of those factors by the Appellate Authority would not legalize the absence of such G consideration by the competent authority. It was observed as under:- “7. In the present case, it is undisputed that he competent authority has not applied its mind and has not taken into consideration the relevant factors enumerated in clause (a) to (c) of section 22(4) of the Slum Act, 1971. The consideration of these factors by the H 945 KUMUD W/O MAHADEORAO SALUNKE v. SHRI PANDURANG NARAYAN GANDHEWAR THR. LRS. [UDAY UMESH LALIT, J.] appellate authority does not legalize the order passed by the A competent authority. It is settled law that if anything has to be done according to the provisions of law, then it should be done in that manner only. The competent authority has passed the cryptic order. The appellate order cannot substitute its reasoning to legalize the order passed by the fact-finding authority.” B With this view, the writ petition was allowed and the matter was again remitted to the authority for inquiry. 7. We heard Dr. A. Rajeev B. Masodkar, learned Advocate in support of the appeal and Mr. Kishor Lambat, learned Advocate for the respondents. 8. In Vidarbha part of the State of Maharashtra, before the enactment of Maharashtra Rent Control Act, 1989, there had to be two rounds of litigation to seek eviction of a tenant. The first round had to be before the Rent Controller seeking permission to issue a quit notice under Section 108 of the Transfer of Property Act. If such permission was granted, then only the landlord could issue a notice of termination of tenancy and file a civil suit seeking eviction of a tenant. In the present case the first round before the Rent Controller was gone into. Bona fide need as a ground for eviction may, in a given case, have an additional facet of comparative hardship and whether the tenant has any alternative accommodation or not. In any case, the matter had attained finality. The permission was granted by the Rent Controller and the civil suit was filed only thereafter in which an objection was taken that the premises being governed by the provisions of the Act, the requisite permission of the Slum Authority was mandatory. 9. In the proceedings so initiated the Slum Authority granted that permission. The matter was carried in appeal and the issue whether the requirements under Section 22(4) of the Act stood satisfied or not was also considered by the Appellate Authority. It must also be noted that the Civil Suit seeking eviction also attained finality. C D E F G 10. In the circumstances, the view that weighed with the High Court was not correct. The respondent had opportunity at every stage to present his case and whether the requirements of Section 22(4) of the Act stood satisfied or not was a matter which was dealt with by the H 946 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2019] 7 S.C.R. - A Appellate Authority in sufficient detail. In the circumstances there was no reason for the High Court to interfere in its jurisdiction under Article 227 of the Constitution of India. 11. We, therefore, allow this appeal, set aside the judgment and order dated 19.06.2014 passed by the High Court in Writ Petition No.2199 B of 2003 and restore the order dated 31.10.2002 passed by the Appellate Authority. 12. This appeal stands allowed. No order as to costs. Ankit Gyan C Appeal allowed. D E F G H