High CourtDivision Bench2012-10-11Writ Petition dismissed.

Gulzar Ahmed Azmi & Anr. v. Union of India

Case / Petition Number:Writ Petition (Crl.) No. 19 of 2012

Neutral Citation:[2012] 9 S.C.R. 287

Case Details & Bench

Court: High Court
Hon'ble Judges: T. S. Thakur
Fakkir Mohamed Ibrahim Kalifulla
Judgment Date: 2012-10-11
Court Decision / Holding: Writ petition dismissed.
Final Disposition: Writ Petition dismissed.

Parties to the Case

Appellants / Petitioners

Gulzar Ahmed Azmi
Anr.

Respondents

Union of India and others

Legal Representation & Advocates

Counsels for Petitioners

• A. Sharan
• Syed Mehdi Imam
• Atif Suhrawardy
• Tarbez E Ahmed
• Somesh Jha

Case Synopsis & Summary

Gulzar Ahmed Azmi & Anr. v. Union of India is a Supreme Court writ petition under Article 32 read with Article 21, challenging how bomb blast investigations since 2002 are being handled and alleging that real culprits are shielded while innocent Muslim youths are being implicated. The petitioners seek a broad, independent mechanism—a Committee headed by a retired Supreme Court Judge, aided by investigators and experts—to conduct further investigations into all bomb blasts since 2002, monitor the investigations (as listed in Annexure P-45), and potentially take action against erring police and intelligence officers for false inputs that led to arrests. They also request disclosure of contents from laptops recovered from Lt. Col. Purohit and Dayanand Pandey to facilitate inquiry into anti-national activities, action against communal organizations such as RSS and VHP, and bail for detenues where evidence is not clinching. The petition frames the issue as a public-interest grievance: exposing false implicating conduct and uncovering truth by creating a specialized body to oversee investigations. The Court prevents such a roving inquiry, holding that it would lack statutory sanction, risk chaos and conflict with ongoing proceedings, and could undermine the criminal justice process. It affirms that remedies exist within the time-tested Cr.P.C. framework and legal aid ensures access to counsel. The petition is dismissed, with directions to pursue remedies through established law.

Provisions of Law Cited

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 32 read with Article 21Cr.P.C., Section 173(8)Article 32 of the Constitution of IndiaArticle 21 of the Constitution of India

Submissions & Arguments

Contentions of Appellants / Petitioners

Petitioners contend that a robust and independent mechanism is necessary to unearth truth in bomb blast cases since 2002, arguing that ulterior forces shield the real guilty and innocent Muslim youths are being implicated. They seek a writ of mandamus directing the first respondent to constitute a Committee headed by a retired Supreme Court judge, assisted by a team of officers with investigative expertise and other specialists, to undertake further investigations across all bomb blasts since 2002, including monitoring of cases in Annexure P-45. They propose that such a body would ensure wider, more uniform inquiries beyond what is practicable for overburdened police and local courts. The petition also prays for action against offending police officers and intelligence agencies for fabricating false evidence, for disclosure of laptops’ contents recovered from Lt. Col. Purohit and Dayanand Pandey to facilitate inquiries into anti-national activities, and for action against communal organizations alleged to participate in bomb blasts. Finally, the petitioners seek bail for detenues where there is no clinching evidence. They argue that a public interest investigation must be independent, transparent, and insulated from procedural delays, to protect the innocent and deter malfeasance.

Contentions of Respondents

Respondents contend that the prayers would amount to a roving inquiry into hundreds of cases across the country, effectively bypassing the established machinery of trial and investigation. They argue that criminal proceedings are either pending in competent courts or under investigation, and a parallel statutory body created by this Court would lack statutory sanction, create procedural chaos, and undermine the rule of law. The respondents emphasize that existing remedies exist under the Criminal Procedure Code, including sections allowing further investigation (e.g., Section 173(8)) and appellate channels to challenge orders, discharge, or seek relief in appropriate fora. The respondents assert that any innocent person has safeguards under current laws and can seek free legal aid to ensure proper legal representation. The respondents also caution against disturbing ongoing investigations, as it could prejudice fair trials.

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Extracted Judgment Text

Exact text extracted from official judgment records.

A B # [2012] 9 S.C.R. 287 # GULZAR AHMED AZMI & ANR. _v._ # UNI.ON OF INDIA & ORS. (Writ Petition (Crl.) No. 19 of 2012) ## OCTOBER 11, 2012 **[T.S. THAKUR AND FAKKIR MOHAMED IBRAHIM KALIFULLA, JJ.]** _Constitution of India, 1950_ - _Article 32 rlw Article 21_ - _Bomb blast cases since 2002_ - _Investigation_ - _Grievance of_ C _the writ petitioners that while the real culprits were being shielded, innocent Muslim boys were being roped in such cases_ - _Prayer that in order to unearth the truth, the Supreme Court should direct the first respondent to constitute a Committee headed by a retired Judge of the Supreme Court_ o _and assisted by a team of officers having competent investigation skills along with other experts_ - _Held: Not tenable_ - _If any such Committee is directed to be constituted that will only result in making a roving inquiry into the various criminal proceedings so far lodged connected with cases of_ E _bomb blasts all over the country_ - _Since criminal cases registered in connection with various incidents are either pending trial before the competent jurisdictional courts or being investigated by the jurisdictional police, it is premature to say whether any and if so which of the accused is innocent or has been-falsely implicated_ - _If anyone is falsely roped in_ F _any offence either under the provisions of Indian Penal Code or under any other special enactments, by way of criminal proceeding, there are enough safeguards provided under the various laws and under the criminal law jurisprudence, to protect the interest of any such person_ - _When the time tested_ G _Criminal Procedure Code and other statutory provisions are working in the field providing for such we/I laid down procedure to be followed in the matter of regulating such criminal_ 287 H ## 288 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2012] 9 S.C.R. - A _proceedings, the granting of the petitioners' prayer would amount to creating_ a _parallel body without any statutory sanction and to function only under some directions of the Supreme Court which would be Jacking in very many procedural details and will ultimately result in utter chaos and_ - B _confusion in dealing with the criminal proceedings which have already been lodged and progressing before various criminal_ - - _courts It is for the concerned individuals who face such criminal proceedings to work out their remedy in the manner known to law_ - _Even if such individuals are not in_ a _position_ - c _to seek for any appropriate legal assistance on their own,_ - - _there is no dearth for seeking legal assistance free of cost It cannot be held that the concerned individuals will be left with no remedy_ - _Writ petition accordingly dismissed._ CRIMINAL ORIGINAL JURISDICTION : Writ Petition (Crl) D No. 19 of 2012. Under Ar!:icle 32 of the Constitution of India. A. Sharan, Syed Mehdi Imam, Atif Suhrawardy, Tarbez E Ahmed, Somesh Jha for the Petitioners. The Order of the Court was delivered by **FAKKIR MOHAMED IBRAHIM KALIFULLA, J.** 1. The petitioners have preferred this writ petition under Article 32 read F with Article 21 of the Constitution ostensibly in public interest in which the petitioners pray for a Writ of Mandamus for constitution of a Committee to make further investigation of all the bomb blasts cases which have taken place since 2002. 2. When we examine the relief prayed for by the G petitioners, we find that there are as many as six substantive prayers made by them including constitution of a Committee headed by a retired Judge of the Supreme Court along with team of competent officers and experts to make further investigation of all bomb blasts cases which have taken place H GULZAR AHMED AZMI & ANR. _v._ UNION OF INDIA 289 [FAKKIR MOHAMED IBRAHIM KALIFULLA, J.] since 2002 onwards. The prayer specifically mentions a list by A way of Annexure P-45 wherein the details have been mentioned in order to monitor the investigation to be ordered while granting any relief in the writ petition. 3. The further prayer in the writ petition is for a direction to the respondents to initiate criminal or departmental action against the erring police officers for having implicated alleged innocent Muslim boys by fabricating false evidence. B 4. The third prayer in the writ petition is for a direction to the respondents to initiate criminal or departmental action C against the officers of Central and State Intelligence Agencies, who furnished wrong inputs to the State Police and thereby pressurised them to arrest innocent Muslim boys. 5. In the fourth prayer the petitioners prayed for a direction to the respondents to make the contents of the laptops, recovered from Lt. Col. Purohit and Mahant Dayanand Pandey, public and thereafter make an inquiry for taking action against the culprits who were involved in anti-national terror activities. D 6. In the fifth prayer they seek for a direction to the first respondent for taking action against communal organisations like RSS, VHP and their allied forums who alleged to have indulged in bomb blasts cases and other terror related activities. In the last prayer they seek for a direction to release on bail the detenus arrested in bomb blasts cases referred to in Annexure P-45 against whom there is no clinching or conclusive evidence. E F 7. To sum-up the grievance of the petitioners, as per the averments contained in the petition, is that the real culprits are being shielded from taking any action against them, while innocent Muslim boys have been roped in various bomb blasts cases throughout the country since the year 2002 and in order to unearth the said factor, this Court should direct the first respondent to constitute a Committee headed by a retired G H ## 290 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2012] 9 S.C.R. - A Judge of the Supreme Court who should be assisted with the team of officers having competent investigation skills along with other experts. 8. At the very outset, we wish to state that if the prayer of the petitioners were to be accepted for whatever grounds stated 8 in the petition and any such Committee is directed to be constituted that will only result in making a roving inquiry into the various criminal proceedings so far lodged connected with cases of bomb blasts all over the country. We are not, therefore, C inclined to countenance such a wide prayer asked for in this writ petition. 9. Since criminal cases registered in connection with various incidents are either pending trial before the competent jurisdictional courts or being investigated by the jurisdictional D police, it is premature to say whether any and if so which of the accused is innocent or has been falsely implicated. If anyone is falsely roped in any offence either under the provisions of Indian Penal Code or under any other special enactments, by way of criminal proceeding, it is needless to state that there E are enough safeguards provided under the various laws and under the criminal law jurisprudence, to protect the interest of any such person claiming himself to be innocent and demonstrate before the concerned Fora that he has been falsely implicated in any offence. Therefore, it will be for the F concerned individual against whom any criminal proceeding is lodged to work out his remedy. For instance, if in any particular criminal case, one wishes to seek for further investigation under Section 173 (8) of the Cr.P.C. the same can always be effected even after the filing of the final report. Such a power existing G with the Investigating Officer, having been statutorily provided, it will be a futile exercise if such a statutory exercise is to be entrusted with a supernumerary body created under the head of a retired Judge of the Supreme Court along with other team of officers and experts. When the time tested Criminal Procedure Code and other statutory provisions are working in H GULZAR AHMED AZMI & ANR. _v._ UNION OF INDIA 291 [FAKKIR MOHAMED IBRAHIM KALIFULLA, J.] the field providing for such well laid down procedure to be followed in the matter of regulating such criminal proceedings, the granting of the petitioners' prayer would amount to creating a parallel body without any statutory sanction and to function only under some directions of this Court which would be lacking in very many procedural details and will ultimately result in utter chaos and confusion in dealing with the criminal proceedings which have already been lodged and progressing before various criminal courts. 10. We are not, therefore, inclined to consider such a wide prayer applied for by the petitioners for constitution of a special Committee. The other directions prayed for by the petitioners will also only result in interfering with the already pending proceedings in which the concerned individuals who have been arrayed as accused or otherwise can seek for appropriate relief either for further investigation or for their discharge or in the event of any other adverse orders passed by the concerned Court, approach the higher fora for redressal of their grievances. There are various levels of Appellate Fora to examine the manner in which the proceedings are being pursued before the Courts wherein such criminal proceedings have already been lodged or in the event of any adverse orders having been passed, examine the correctness of such orders in order to grant appropriate relief or to confirm such decisions taken by the lower fora. A B c D E F 11. It will be for the concerned individuals who face such criminal proceedings to work out their remedy in the manner known to law. Even if such individuals are not in a position to seek for any appropriate legal assistance on their own, having regard to the set up of Legal Service Authority and its effective functioning, in the nook and corner of the country, there should be no dearth of legal assistance for those affected persons to seek for such legal aid free of cost. Therefore, when there is no dearth for seeking legal assistance free of cost, on that score as well it cannot be held that the concerned individuals G H 292 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2012) 9 S.C.R. - A will be left with no remedy. In fact, it is now well known that on mere asking of the concerned presiding officer, those involved in such criminal proceedings are being offered free legal aid of high calibre in order to ensure that no innocent person is being punished for want of proper legal assistance. B 12. Having regard to the above factors, we do not find any scope to entertain this writ petition and leave it open for the concerned parties against whom any criminal proceeding is lodged to work out their remedies in the appropriate manner before the appropriate forum in accordance with law. The writ C petition fails and the same is dismissed. B.B.B. - Writ Petition dismissed.