DHEERAJ DEVELOPERS PRIVATE LIMITED v. DR. OM PRAKASH GUPTA AND OTHERS

Case Details & Bench

Court: High Court
Hon'ble Judges: Kurian, J.
R. F. Nariman, J.
Judgment Date: 2016-02-23
Court Decision / Holding: Appeals allowed. The impugned judgment is set aside and First Appeal No. 174 of 2005 is remitted to the High Court for fresh hearing. The High Court shall consider all contentions under law, including the readiness and willingness and the genuineness of documents, and shall not express any opinion on the merits at this stage. No order as to costs.
Final Disposition: Appeals allowed; matter remitted to High Court for fresh hearing

Parties to the Case

Appellants / Petitioners

DHEERAJ DEVELOPERS PRIVATE LIMITED

Respondents

Dr. Om Prakash Gupta
Others

Case Synopsis & Summary

The case concerns a suit for specific performance of sale of land which was appealed to the Supreme Court. The Trial Court had framed issues on whether Defendant No.1 executed an agreement to sell the suit land in 1975 or a fresh agreement dated 15 January 1989 and whether the plaintiffs were entitled to a sale deed and vacant possession upon payment of the agreed consideration. The High Court, in the First Appeal, reversed the trial court’s decree and decreed the suit, primarily based on a finding that Exhibit P-1 was genuine. The Supreme Court, however, noted that the High Court’s decision rested largely on the genuineness of Exhibit P-1 and did not adequately address other essential facets of a suit for specific performance, including the readiness and willingness of the party to perform and the broader evidentiary context. It held that decreeing relief solely on the genuineness of a document was improper and allowed the appeals, setting aside the impugned judgment. The matter was remitted to the High Court for fresh hearing, with directions that all contentions under law be urged and considered, including the validity of documents and the readiness/willingness aspect. The Court clarified that it had not expressed any opinion on the merits and that no portion of the decision should preclude further scrutiny. No order as to costs.

Legal Doctrines & Maxims

Res judicata

Extracted Judgment Text

Exact text extracted from official judgment records.

[2016] 2 S.C.R. 29 A ## DHEERAJ DEVELOPERS PRIVATE LIMITED v. ## DR. OM PRAKASH GUPTA AND OTHERS (Civil Appeal No.1672 of2016 etc.) FEBRUARY 23, 2016 B **[KURIAN JOSEPH AND R. F. NARIMAN, JJ.)** _Specific Performance_ - _Suit for specific performance_ - _Dismissed by trial court_ - _Decreed by High Court in first appeal_ - _On appeal, held: High Court decreed the suit only on the basis of_ C _finding on genuineness of a document, while several other aspects of the mat/er including the_ a~pect _of readiness and willingness also required consideration -Appeals allowed and remitted lo High Court for hearing afresh._ CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : CIVIL APPEAL No. 16720F2016 D From the Judgment and Order dated 27.07. I 2 in FA No. 174 of 2005 dated 28.09.2012 in RP No. 305 of2012 dated 28.09.2012 in RP No. 174 of2005 passed by the High Coui1 ofM.P. at Gwalior WITH E C.A.No.1673of2016 & C.A. No. 1674-1675 of2016 A.K. Srivastava, Vivek K. Tankha, Sr. Advs., Sushi I Kumar Jain, F Puneet Jain, Ms. Christi Jain, Abhinav Gupta, Manu Maheshwari, Apurv Taran, Ms. Pratibha Jain, B.K. Satija, Talha Rahman, Nish it Agrawal, M. ShoebAlam, Rameshwar Prasad Goyal, Varun Thakur, Ms. Shraddha Saran, Shankar Divate, Harsh Parashar, Vaibhav Srivastava, Sachin Pujari, S.S. Khanduja, Ms. Meenakshi Kalra, Yash Pal Dhingra, Vikrant Yadav, G Ms. Sakshi Kakkar, C.D. Singh, Tapan Trivedi, Advs., for the appearing parties. The Judg_ment of the Court was delivered by **KURIAN, J.** I. We have heard learned counsel for the parties. H 29 30 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2016] 2 S.C.R. A 2. Delay condoned. 3. Leave granted. 4. By the impugned judgment, the High Court in First Appeal, against the judgment dated 8'" April, 2005 in Civil Suit No. 93A/l 996 (renumbered Civil Suit No. 20A/200 I; 6A/2003) on the file of the Vlll B Additional District Judge, Gwalior, reversed the decree for specific performance. 5. The Trial Court had framed the following issues:- |S.No|ISSUE| |---|---| |I.|Whether defendant No.I executed agreementtosellofsuitlandinfavourof plaintif!Sintheyear1975?| |2.|WhetherdefendantNo.Ihadexecutedfresh agreementtosellofsuitlandinfavourof plaintif!SOil15.1.1989aspricesofsuitland hadrisenmdamutualcompromisehad arrivedbetweenplaintiffsanddefendant No.I?| |3. 4. 5.|Whetherplaintiffsareentitledtogetthesale deedofsuitland5Bighahavingsatiatedthe sumofRs.TwoJakhEighteenthousandto defendantNo.Iaccordingtotheagreement toselldated15.01.1989andtogetthe vacmtpossessionofsuitland?| ||Whethersuitlandisgovernn-i:ntlanddueto whichplaintiffshavenotgottherightto sell/translerthesame?| 31 DHEERAJ DEVELOPERS PRIVATE LIMITED v. DR. OM PRAKASH GUPTA [KURIAN, J.] **==> picture [321 x 157] intentionally omitted <==** **----- Start of picture text -----** A 6. Whether defendants Nos. 3 to 11 are Proved. bonafide purchasers of suitland? If yes, Plaintiffs are then its effect? not enti tied to get the relief sought. B 7. Whether plaintiffs have undervalued the No suit land have satiated deficient court fee? If yes, then its effect? 8. Relief and cost? Suit dismissed. c **----- End of picture text -----** ## . Additional issue : > 9. Whether an order dated 24.01.1996 passed No in the suit No. 4 IA/95 bears the effect of D res judicata in this case? If yes. then its effect? ## All the issues were answered against the plaintiffs. 6. On re-appraisal of the evidence. the High Cou11 took the view E that Exhibit P-1 was genuine and therefore, decreed the suit. It will be appropriate to incorporate herein the following paragraph as also the decreetal portion of the impugned judgment passed by the High Court:_- "21. Learned counsel for the respondents have pointed during argument that agreement Exhibit P-1 is a suspicious document F looking to the other agreement Exhibit D-13 in which rate of suit land has been mentioned as 2.50 rupees per square ft. But this agreement has been written on plain paper that put on 15.01.1989 and not signed by consenting parties who have signed the agreement Exhibit P-1 on the same day. Therefore, in the absence G of signatures of any witness or consenting party agreement Exhibit D-13 cannot be relied, even the agreement Exhibit P-1 which is signed not only by the parties but also by the witnesses and family members of defendant No. l who have given their consent for the agreement. Learned counsel appearing for the respondents have G H 32 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2016] 2 S.C.R. - A also raised certain objections for disbelieving the agreement Exhibit P-1 but considering the fact that by Exhibit D-10, defendant No. I Harcharan Singh has admitted the execution of agreement Exhibit P-1 and even after admission and having knowledge about document Exhibit P-1 he has not taken any step against the appellants for fabrication of document Exhibit P-1. This fact along - B with admission of defendant No. I shows that agreement Exhibit P-1 is a genuine document. ft cannot be disbelieved on the ground that notice in the paper regarding agreement mentioning different date of agreement as the execution and contents of agreement Exhibit P-1 has been admitted by defendant No. I in Exhibit D-10, - c therefore, evidence against such admission before the trial Court which contained detailed postmortem of agreement Exhibit P-1 on several grounds cannot be confirmed looking to the admission of defendant No. I in Exhibit D·· l 0 which has not been considered by learned trial Court while doing microscope surgery of the agreement Exhibit P-1." - D "24. Therefore, the judgment passed by the learned trial Court is hereby set-aside and the appeal filed by the appellant is hereby allowed. The suit filed before the learned trial Court is allowed in favour of sole appellant Dr. Om Prakash Gupta as under:- - E {A) Respondent/defendant No. I is directed to execute the sale-deed of5 bighas ofland Survey No. 792/3-4 according to agreement dated 15.01.1989 after taking consideration of Rs.2, 18,000/-@ Rs.2/- per swuare ft. (according to agreement) and hand over the vacant possession of the above land to the plaintiff/appellant Dr. Om Prakash Gupta. If the defendant - ·F No. I fails to execute the sale deed within 30 days after deposit of payment of consideration amount to him or to deposit in the trial Court, the trial Court shall execute the sale deed in favour of appellant/plaintiff Dr. O.P. Gupta. - (B) Since sale deed of above mentioned suit land have been - G executed by defendant No. I during pendency of the suit and purchasers are not bonafide purchasers, therefore, the sale deed by law executed by defendant No. I in favour of respondent Nos. 2, 3 to 11 are hereby declared null and void. - (C) The respondent No. I shall pay the cost of appellant and - H the respondents shall bear their own cost. DHEERAJ DEVELOPERS PRIVATE LIMITED v. DR. OM PRAKASH GUPTA [KURIAN, J.] 33 (D) Counsel fee be calculated according to the rules if precertified." A 7. We have referred to the factual matrix only to a very limited extent for the reason that the High Court apparently has gone. wrong in decreeing the suit only on the basis of the finding on genuineness of Exhibit P-1 document. It should have been borne in mind that suit was B for specific performance and obviously there were also several other aspects of the matter including the aspect of readiness and willingness which required consideration by the High Court. 8. In that view of the matter, we allow these appeals, set aside the impugned judgment and remit the First Appeal No. 174 of 2005 to the c High Court. > 9. Needless to say that the appeal(s) are to be heard afresh. The parties are free to urge all available contentions under law, before the High Court. > 1 O. lt is made clear that we have not expressed any opinion on the merits of the case including the validity or genuineness of documents as also on the readiness and willingness aspect and it is for the High Court to consider all those aspects. D 11. No order as to costs. ~alp~na K. Tripathy Appeals allowed. E