Balakrishnan v. State of Kerala

# **`IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM`** ## **`PRESENT`** ``` THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE P.V.KUNHIKRISHNAN ``` ``` FRIDAY, THE 10[TH] DAY OF NOVEMBER 2023 / 19TH KARTHIKA, 1945 ``` ``` CRL.MC NO. 8846 OF 2023 ``` ## **`CRIME NO.318/2023 OF KADAVANTHRA POLICE STATION, ERNAKULAM`** ## **`PETITIONER/ACCUSED NO.3:`** ``` BALAKRISHNAN AGED 65 YEARS, S/O KUNJIKURUP, RESIDING AT: CHIRAPARAMBIL HOUSE, NEAR GOVT. U P SCHOOL, PURATHUR VILLAGE, THIROOR TALUK, MALAPPURAM, PIN - 676102 ``` ``` BY ADVS. R.RAJESH (VARKALA) MANU RAMACHANDRAN M.KIRANLAL SAMEER M NAIR SAILAKSHMI MENON T.S.SARATH ``` ## **`RESPONDENTS:`** - `1 STATE OF KERALA REPRESENTED BY PUBLIC PROSECUTOR, HIGH COURT OF KERALA, PIN - 682031` - `2 STATION HOUSE OFFICER KADAVANTHARA POLICE STATION, ERNAKULAM, PIN - 682020` - `3 SANTHOSH NAIR S/O MANIYAN PILLAI; RESIDING AT: KALLON PUTHEN VEEDU, VELLIYARA P.O., PATHANAMTHITTA, PIN - 689612` ``` SRI MP PRASANTH - PP ``` ``` THIS CRIMINAL MISC. CASE HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION ON 10.11.2023, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY PASSED THE FOLLOWING: ``` ``` Crl.M.C. NO. 8846 OF 2023 ``` 2 **P.V.KUNHIKRISHNAN, J. -----------------------------------Crl.M.C. No. 8846 of 2023 ---------------------------------------------Dated this the 10[th] day of November, 2023** ## **O R D E R** This Criminal Miscellaneous Case is filed under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure Code, 1973. 2. The petitioner is the 3[rd] accused in Crime No.318/2023 of Kadavanthra Police Station, Ernakulam. The above case is registered against the petitioner alleging offences punishable under Sections 406, 420, 465, 468 read with 34 of IPC. 3. The prosecution case is that the accused committed criminal breach of trust, cheating, forgery etc. 4. The learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the parties have settled their dispute and ``` Crl.M.C. NO. 8846 OF 2023 ``` 3 do not wish to pursue the prosecution proceedings. The counsel relies on the affidavit filed by the victim in support of his contention. The counsel appearing for the victim also submitted that the matter is settled and the victim has no objection in quashing the prosecution. 5. The learned Public Prosecutor, on instructions, has expressed reservations about quashing the proceedings solely on the basis of the settlement. But the Public Prosecutor conceded that the matter is settled between the parties. 6. This Court has considered the submission of the petitioner, victim and the Public Prosecutor and has also gone through the records including the affidavit filed by the victim. 7. In **State of Madhya Pradesh v Laxmi Narayan and Others (2019 (5) SCC 688),** three judge bench of the Hon'ble Supreme Court has summarized the situation in which non compoundable ``` Crl.M.C. NO. 8846 OF 2023 ``` 4 offences can be quashed invoking the powers under Section 482 of the Code. The apex court in **Laxmi Narayan** 's case (supra) also relied on the law laid down in **Gian Singh v. State of Punjab and another (2012 (10) SCC 303)** and **Narinder Singh and others v. State of Punjab and another (2014** **(6) SCC 466)** . The apex court in paragraph 13 of the **Laxmi Narayan** 's case discussed the law in detail and the same is extracted hereunder: “13. Considering the law on the point and the other decisions of this Court on the point, referred to herein above, it is observed and held as under: i) that the power conferred under S.482 of the Code to quash the criminal proceedings for the non - compoundable offences under S.320 of the Code can be exercised having overwhelmingly and predominantly the civil character, particularly those arising out of commercial transactions or arising out of matrimonial relationship or family disputes and when the parties have resolved the entire dispute amongst themselves; ii) such power is not to be exercised in those prosecutions which involved heinous and serious offences of mental depravity or offences like murder, rape, dacoity, etc. ``` Crl.M.C. NO. 8846 OF 2023 ``` 5 Such offences are not private in nature and have a serious impact on society; iii) similarly, such power is not to be exercised for the offences under the special statutes like Prevention of Corruption Act or the offences committed by public servants while working in that capacity are not to be quashed merely on the basis of compromise between the victim and the offender; iv) offences under S.307 IPC and the Arms Act etc. would fall in the category of heinous and serious offences and therefore are to be treated as crime against the society and not against the individual alone, and therefore, the criminal proceedings for the offence under S.307 IPC and / or the Arms Act etc. which have a serious impact on the society cannot be quashed in exercise of powers under S.482 of the Code, on the ground that the parties have resolved their entire dispute amongst themselves. However, the High Court would not rest its decision merely because there is a mention of S.307 IPC in the FIR or the charge is framed under this provision. It would be open to the High Court to examine as to whether incorporation of S.307 IPC is there for the sake of it or the prosecution has collected sufficient evidence, which if proved, would lead to framing the charge under S.307 IPC. For this purpose, it would be open to the High Court to go by the nature of injury sustained, whether such injury is inflicted on the vital / delegate parts of the body, nature of weapons used etc. However, such ``` Crl.M.C. NO. 8846 OF 2023 ``` 6 an exercise by the High Court would be permissible only after the evidence is collected after investigation and the charge sheet is filed / charge is framed and / or during the trial. Such exercise is not permissible when the matter is still under investigation. Therefore, the ultimate conclusion in paragraphs 29.6 and 29.7 of the decision of this Court in the case of **Narinder Singh** (supra) should be read harmoniously and to be read as a whole and in the circumstances stated herein above; v) while exercising the power under S.482 of the Code to quash the criminal proceedings in respect of noncompoundable offences, which are private in nature and do not have a serious impart on society, on the ground that there is a settlement / compromise between the victim and the offender, the High Court is required to consider the antecedents of the accused; the conduct of the accused, namely, whether the accused was absconding and why he was absconding, how he had managed with the complainant to enter into a compromise etc.” 8. Keeping in mind the above dictum laid down by the apex court, this court perused the facts in this case and also perused the documents produced by the parties. After going through the ``` Crl.M.C. NO. 8846 OF 2023 ``` 7 entire facts and circumstances, I am of the considered opinion that the dispute is private in nature and the settlement can be accepted. Therefore, this Criminal Miscellaneous case is allowed. All further proceedings as against the petitioner alone in Crime No.318/2023 of Kadavanthra Police Station, Ernakulam are quashed. **Sd/-** SK **P.V.KUNHIKRISHNAN JUDGE** ``` Crl.M.C. NO. 8846 OF 2023 ``` 8 ## **`APPENDIX OF CRL.MC 8846/2023`** ``` PETITIONER’S ANNEXURES : ``` ``` Annexure A1A TRUE COPY OF THE FIR IN CRIME NO. 318 OF 2023 AT KADAVANTHARA POLICE STATION ERNAKULAM CITY DATED 27.03.2023 ``` - `Annexure A2 A TRUE COPY OF THE FIRST INFORMATION REPORT IN CRIME NO. 65 OF 2023 OF INFO PARK POLICE STATION ERNAKULAM DATED 15.01.2023` - `Annexure A3 A TRUE COPY OF THE COMPLAINT PREFERRED BY 3RD RESPONDENT BEFORE THE KADAVANTHARA POLICE` - `Annexure A4 THE ORIGINAL AFFIDAVIT DATED 17.10.2023 SWORN BY THE 3RD RESPONDENT` ``` RESPONDENTS' ANNEXURES : NIL ```