A.P.S.R.T.C. and Anr. v. B.S. David Paul

" \. ~ ## A.P.S.R.T.C. AND ANR. _V._ ## B.S. DA YID PAUL FEBRUARY I, 2006 [ARIJIT PASA YAT AND R.V. RAVEENDRAN, JJ.] ## _Labour Laws:·_ _Industrial Disputes Act, 1947-Section 33-C(2)-Back wages-Claim for-In view of award of reinstatement-Propriety of-Held: Award of_ c _reinstatement, itself does not confer right to claim back wages._ Respondents-employees of appellant-Corporation claimed before Labour Court that their services were illegally terminated. Labour Court, holding the termination bad, directed their reinstatement. After reinstatement, D respondents filed application seeking back wages in terms of Section 33-C (2) of Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. Labour Court directed payment of back wages. The same was confirmed by High Court in Writ Application. Hence the present appeals. ~ 'I ## Allowing the appeals, the Court E HELD: The orders of the Labour Court as affirmed by the High Court are indefensible. Merely upon reinstatement, a workman would be not entitled, under the terms of award, to all his arrears of pay and allowances, because several factors will have to be considered to find out whether the workmar. is entitled to back wages at all and to what extent. It cannot be presumed that F the award of the Labour Court for grant of back wages is implied in the relief of reinstatement or that the award of reinstatement itself conferred right for claim of back wages. [1005-C; 1004-H; 1005-A-BI _A.P. SRTC and hir._ v. _S. Narsagoud._ 1200312 SCC 212; _A.P. State Road Transport Corporation and Ors._ v. _Abdul Kareem,_ [20051 6 SCC 36; _Rajasthan_ G _State Road Transport Corporation .and Ors._ v. Sl~vwn _Bihari Lal Gupta,_ [2005[ 7 SCC 406; _State Bank of India_ v. _Ram Chandra Dubey and Ors.,_ [2001 [ l SCC 73 and _State of U.P. and Anr._ v. _Brijpal Singh_ [2005[ 8 SCC 58, relied on. H 1001 [2006J I S.C.R. SUPREME COURT REPORTS 1002 A CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 2956 of2000. From the Judgment and Order dated 1.7.1999 of the Andhra Pradesh High Court in Writ Appeal No. 860/99. ## WITH ## **B** C.A. No. 2957 of2000 and C.A. No. 2958 of2000. G. Ramakrishna Prasad, K.P. Kylashanatha Pillai, Mohd. -Wasay Khan and Abhijit Sengupta for the Appellants. C T.N. Rao, A. Ramesh and D. Mahesh Babu for the Respondent. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by **ARIJIT PASA.YAT, J.** These appeals involve identical issues and are therefore disposed of by this common judgment. ## **D** **E** Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (in short the 'Corporation') calls **in** question legality of the judgrn~nts rendered by the High Court holding that the respondent in each of !ht: appeals was entitled to back wages. A brief reference to the factual position which is almost undisputed would suffice: Respondents who claimed to be employee of the appellant-Corporation claimed before the Labour Court, Hyderabad (in short 'the Labour Court') that their services were illegally terminated. Reference was made by the State **F** Government under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (in short the 'Act'). Appellant-Corporation took the stand that they were not its employees and, in fact, were employees of independent contractors. The Labour Court did not accept the stand and held that the termination was bad and the concerned applicants were entitled for reinstatement. It is not in dispute that G the appellant-Corporation has reinstated the respondents. Subsequently, the respondents filed application before the Labour Court stating that they were entitled to back wages for the period they were out of employment and they were entitled to be paid back wages in terms of Section 33-C(2) of the Act. The Corporation resisted the claim on the ground that there was no **H** - I 003 A.P.S.R.T.C. 1·. B.S. DAVID PAUL [PASAY AT . .I.] direction for payment of back wages and, therefore, Section 33-C(2) had no application. The Labour Court did not accept the stand and directed payment Such adjudication was challenged before the High Court which dismissed the writ application. Learned counsel for the appellant submitted that when the only direction given by the Labour Court was reinstatement, there was no question of B payment of any back wages and in any event Section 33-C(2) had no application. Learned counsel for the respondents on the other hand submitted that when the reinstatement was directed, back wages were the natural consequence. C The principle of law on point is no more _res integra._ This Court in _A.P. :IRTC and Anr._ v. S. _Narsagoud,_ (2003] 2 SCC 212 succinctly crystallized the principle of law in Paragraph 9 of the judgment on Page 215 : "We find merit in the submission so made. There is a difference between an order of reinstatement accompanied by a simple direction D for continuity of service and a direction where reinstatement is accompanied by a specific direction that the employee shall be entitled to all the consequential benefits, which necessarily flow from reinstatement or accompanied by a specific direction that the employee shall be entitled to the benefit of the increments earned during the E period of absence. In our opinion, the employee after having been held guilty of unauthorized absence from duty cannot claim the benefit of increments notionally earned during the period of unauthorized absence in the absence of a specific direction in that regard and merely because he has been directed to be reinstated with the benefit of continuity in service." F F The above position was re-iterated in _A.P. State Road Transport Corporation and Ors._ v. _Abdul Kareem,_ (2005] 6 SCC 36 and in _Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation and Ors._ v. _Shyam Bihari Lal Gupta,_ [2005J 7 sec 406. In the case of _State Bank of India_ v. _Ram Chandra Dubey_ & _Ors.,_ (2001] 1 SCC 73, this Court held as under: "7. When a reference is made to an Industrial Tribunal to adjudicate the question not only as to whether the termination of a workman is G SUPREME COURT REPORTS 120061 I S.C.R. 1004 ~ .j A B c justified or not but to grant appropriate relief. it would consist of examination of the question whether the reinstatement should be with full or partial back wages or none. Such a question is one of fact depending upon the evidence to be produced before the Tribunal. If after the termination of the employment, the workman is gainfully employed elsewhere it is one of the factors to be considered in detennining whether or not reinstatement should be with full back wages or with continuity of employment. Such questions can be appropriately examined only in a reference. When a reference is made under Section I 0 of the Act, all incidental questions arising thereto can be determined by the Tribunal and in this particular case, a specific question has been referred to the Tribunal as to the nature of relief to be granted to the workmen. 8. The principles enunciated in the decisions referred by either side can be summed up as follows: D E F G H Whenever a workman is entitled to receive from his employer any money or any benefit which is capable of being computed in tenns of money and which he is entitled to receive from his employer and is denied of such benefit can approach Labour Court under Section 33C(2) of the Act. The benefit sought to be enforced under Section 33C(2) of the Act is necessarily a pre-existing benefit or one flowing from a pre-existing right. The difference between a pre-existing right or'benefit on one hand and the right or benefit, which is considered just and fair on the other hand is vital. The former falls within jurisdiction of Labour Court exercising powers under Section 33-C(2) of the Act while the latter does not. It cannot be spelt out from the award in the present case that such a right or benefit has accrued to the workman as the specific question of the relief granted is confined only to the reinstatement without stating 'lnything more as to the back **wages.** Hence that relief must be deemed to have been denied, for what is claimed but not granted necessarily gets denied in judicial or quasijudicial proceeding. Further when a question arises as to the adjudication of a claim for back wages all relevant circumstances which will have to be gone into, are to be considered in a judicious manner. Therefore, the appropriate forum wherein such question of back wages could be decided is only in a proceeding to whom a reference under Section I 0 of the Act is made. To state that merely .... I 005 A.P.S.R.T.C. _v._ B.S. DAVID PAUL [PASA Y AT, J.] upon reinstatement, a workman would be entitled, under the terms of A award, to all his arrears of pay and allowances would be incorrect because several factors will have to be considered, as stated earlier, to find out whether the workman is entitled to back wages at all and to what extent. Therefore, we are of the view that the High Court ought not to have presumed that the award of the Labour Court for grant of back wages is implied in the relief of reinstatement or that the award of reinstatement itself conferred right for claim of back wages" The position was recently reiterated by three-judge Bench in _State of U.P. and Anr._ v. _Brijpal Singh,_ [2005] 8 SCC 58. The orders of the Labour Court as affirmed by the High Court are indefensible, deserve to be set aside, which we direct. The appeals are allowed but without any order as to costs. K.KT. Appeals allowed. 1